Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA.
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH.
Haematologica. 2022 Jun 1;107(6):1335-1346. doi: 10.3324/haematol.2021.278901.
Cardiovascular (CV) toxicities of the Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitor ibrutinib may limit use of this effective therapy in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Acalabrutinib is a second-generation BTK inhibitor with greater BTK selectivity. This analysis characterizes pooled CV adverse events (AE) data in patients with CLL who received acalabrutinib monotherapy in clinical trials (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT02029443, NCT02475681, NCT02970318 and NCT02337829). Acalabrutinib was given orally at total daily doses of 100-400 mg, later switched to 100 mg twice daily, and continued until disease progression or toxicity. Data from 762 patients (median age: 67 years [range, 32-89]; median follow-up: 25.9 months [range, 0-58.5]) were analyzed. Cardiac AE of any grade were reported in 129 patients (17%; grade ≥3, n=37 [5%]) and led to treatment discontinuation in seven patients (1%). The most common any-grade cardiac AE were atrial fibrillation/flutter (5%), palpitations (3%), and tachycardia (2%). Overall, 91% of patients with cardiac AE had CV risk factors before acalabrutinib treatment. Among 38 patients with atrial fibrillation/flutter events, seven (18%) had prior history of arrhythmia or atrial fibrillation/flutter. Hypertension AE were reported in 67 patients (9%), 43 (64%) of whom had a preexisting history of hypertension; no patients discontinued treatment due to hypertension. No sudden cardiac deaths were reported. Overall, these data demonstrate a low incidence of new-onset cardiac AE with acalabrutinib in patients with CLL. Findings from the head-to-head, randomized trial of ibrutinib and acalabrutinib in patients with highrisk CLL (clinicaltrials gov. Identifier: NCT02477696) prospectively assess differences in CV toxicity between the two agents.
布鲁顿酪氨酸激酶 (BTK) 抑制剂依鲁替尼的心血管 (CV) 毒性可能会限制其在慢性淋巴细胞白血病 (CLL) 患者中的有效治疗。阿卡鲁替尼是一种第二代 BTK 抑制剂,对 BTK 具有更高的选择性。这项分析描述了在临床试验中接受阿卡鲁替尼单药治疗的 CLL 患者的汇总 CV 不良事件 (AE) 数据(clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier:NCT02029443、NCT02475681、NCT02970318 和 NCT02337829)。阿卡鲁替尼的总日剂量为 100-400mg,口服给药,之后转换为每日两次 100mg,持续至疾病进展或出现毒性。共分析了 762 例患者(中位年龄:67 岁 [范围:32-89];中位随访时间:25.9 个月 [范围:0-58.5])的数据。129 例患者(17%;≥3 级,n=37 [5%])报告了任何等级的心脏 AE,并导致 7 例患者(1%)停止治疗。最常见的任何等级的心脏 AE 为心房颤动/扑动(5%)、心悸(3%)和心动过速(2%)。总体而言,91%的心脏 AE 患者在接受阿卡鲁替尼治疗前存在 CV 危险因素。在 38 例心房颤动/扑动事件患者中,有 7 例(18%)有既往心律失常或心房颤动/扑动病史。67 例患者(9%)报告了高血压 AE,其中 43 例(64%)有高血压既往史;无患者因高血压停止治疗。无心脏性猝死报告。总的来说,这些数据表明,在 CLL 患者中,阿卡鲁替尼的新发心脏 AE 发生率较低。在高危 CLL 患者中进行的依鲁替尼和阿卡鲁替尼的头对头、随机试验(clinicaltrials.gov. Identifier:NCT02477696)前瞻性评估了两种药物之间的 CV 毒性差异。