Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Am J Mens Health. 2021 Sep-Oct;15(5):15579883211049021. doi: 10.1177/15579883211049021.
Research suggests that adherence to traditional and hegemonic masculinities can be detrimental to men's mental health. In particular, anxiety can result from the incongruence between idealised and lived experiences. Emerging research suggests that holding spiritual beliefs may protect against such anxiety. This Australian study investigated whether two aspects of spiritualism (Spiritual Openness and Spiritual Support) could moderate the relationship between four stereotypical masculine behaviours (Success Dedication, Restrictive Emotionality, Inhibited Affection and Exaggerated Self-Reliance and Control) and anxiety. A cross-sectional, correlational design, with a heterogeneous, Western community sample included 331 male participants aged 18-67 ( = 24.57, = 10.37). In partial support of the hypotheses, two significant moderation models were found. Both Spiritual Support and Spiritual Openness moderated the relationship between Exaggerated Self-Reliance and Control and anxiety. There were no significant moderations for Success Dedication, Restrictive Emotionality, and Inhibited Affection. Masculinity and spiritualism did not have significant direct effects on anxiety. These findings suggest that when working with men and their mental health, it may be important to consider the congruence between their behaviors and belief systems, as spirituality was only protective against anxiety where these beliefs were congruent with masculine self-reliance and control. It appears that the potential benefit of spirituality in reducing masculine anxiety is dependent on the man being more open to external supports, and having a lower need for control.
研究表明，坚持传统和霸权的男子气概可能对男性的心理健康有害。特别是，焦虑可能源于理想化和现实经验之间的不和谐。新兴研究表明，持有精神信仰可能有助于预防这种焦虑。这项澳大利亚研究调查了两个精神方面（精神开放性和精神支持）是否可以调节四种典型男性行为（成功奉献、情感抑制、情感抑制和夸大的自力更生和控制）与焦虑之间的关系。采用横断面相关性设计，对来自不同背景的西方社区样本中的 331 名 18-67 岁男性参与者进行了研究（年龄均值为 24.57，标准差为 10.37）。部分支持假设，发现了两个有意义的调节模型。精神支持和精神开放性都调节了夸大的自力更生和控制与焦虑之间的关系。成功奉献、情感抑制和情感抑制与焦虑之间没有显著的调节关系。男子气概和精神信仰对焦虑没有显著的直接影响。这些发现表明，在处理男性及其心理健康问题时，考虑他们的行为和信仰体系之间的一致性可能很重要，因为只有当这些信仰与男性的自力更生和控制相一致时，精神信仰才会对焦虑起到保护作用。似乎精神信仰在减轻男性焦虑方面的潜在益处取决于男性对外在支持的开放程度，以及对控制的需求程度。
