Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Klinik und Poliklinik für Dermatologie, Regensburg, Germany.
Institut und Poliklinik für Arbeits-, Sozial- und Umweltmedizin, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Adv Ther. 2021 Nov;38(11):5548-5556. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01917-1. Epub 2021 Oct 1.
Malignant melanoma is an aggressive skin tumor with a good prognosis when treated in an early tumor stage, but has a poor prognosis with distant metastases. The incidence of malignant melanoma has increased continuously over the last decades, with little change in mortality. One explanation for this is that melanomas are increasingly detected in early stages, especially after the establishment of statutory skin cancer screening in 2008, which allows a free skin examination every 2 years for people older than 35 years.
In this study incidence and mortality of malignant melanoma were correlated with the dermatologist density in Bavarian administrative regions. In addition, the incidence data were compared before and after the introduction of statutory skin cancer screening.
There was a significant correlation between the incidence of malignant melanoma and dermatologist density (r = 0.258, p = 0.044), but no correlation between mortality and dermatologist density (r = 0.201, p = 0.121). Similarly, the increase of malignant melanoma incidence following the introduction of statutory skin cancer screening in 2008 was independent of dermatologist density (r = 0.021, p = 0.873).
The dermatologist density in Bavaria correlates positively with the incidence of malignant melanoma. Despite an increased incidence, mortality was not elevated in the respective administrative regions.
恶性黑色素瘤是一种侵袭性皮肤肿瘤，早期肿瘤阶段治疗预后良好，但发生远处转移则预后较差。在过去几十年中，恶性黑色素瘤的发病率不断增加，而死亡率变化不大。对此的一种解释是，黑色素瘤在早期阶段的检出率越来越高，尤其是自 2008 年法定皮肤癌筛查制度建立以来，该制度允许 35 岁以上人群每两年免费进行一次皮肤检查。
本研究将巴伐利亚行政区的皮肤科医生密度与恶性黑色素瘤的发病率和死亡率相关联。此外，还比较了法定皮肤癌筛查制度引入前后的发病率数据。
恶性黑色素瘤的发病率与皮肤科医生密度呈显著正相关（r=0.258，p=0.044），但死亡率与皮肤科医生密度无相关性（r=0.201，p=0.121）。同样，2008 年法定皮肤癌筛查制度引入后恶性黑色素瘤发病率的增加与皮肤科医生密度无关（r=0.021，p=0.873）。
巴伐利亚州的皮肤科医生密度与恶性黑色素瘤的发病率呈正相关。尽管发病率有所增加，但各行政区的死亡率并未升高。
