Neurological and cardio-pulmonary problems: methods of resuscitation.

The seriousness of the emergency in the dental surgery must be assessed by rapid evaluation of cerebral distress, respiratory difficulties and cardiocirculatory problems. In the neurological assessment evidence of confusion and disturbances of vigilance, muscle tone and motor function are of paramount importance. Respiratory distress will be evident from consideration of the character of the respiratory movement and from the secondary effects of hypoxia. Impaired circulatory function will be manifest in the pulse, in the blood pressure and in pupillary signs. The steps to be taken in each of these emergency situations are described. Resuscitation is much more important than the use of drugs. The main requirement is to monitor, to maintain and to assist two vital functions: respiration and circulation (Editor's summary).