State Key Laboratory of Environment Health (Incubation), Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environment and Health (Wuhan), Ministry of Environmental Protection, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, #13 Hangkong Road, Wuhan, Hubei, 430030, China.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450001, China.
Chemosphere. 2022 Jan;287(Pt 4):132408. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132408. Epub 2021 Sep 28.
Novel halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) have attracted much attention due to their environmental hazard and adverse effects on human health. In this study, a sensitive and simultaneous method for the determination of six novel HFRs was developed, including tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA), tetrachlorobisphenolA, TBBPA bis(2-hydroxyethyl ether), TBBPA bis(allyl ether), TBBPA bis(2,3-dibromopropyl ether) and 2,4,6-tris(2,4,6-tribromophenoxy)-1,3,5-triazine. ZIF-8 modified nitrogen-doped reduced graphene oxide (ZIF-8@N-rGO) was synthesized and coated onto a syringe filter to prepare a thin film microextraction (TFME) device. The adsorption capacities of ZIF-8@N-rGO for novel HFRs ranged from 50.98 to 112.84 mg g, exhibiting good extraction efficiency through a combination of π-π, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding interactions. The TFME device was coupled to a high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection system to simultaneously determine target HFRs in crayfish-aquaculture water systems. Under the optimal extraction parameters, the linearities ranged from 0.1 to 100 ng mL. The method detection limits ranged from 0.030 to 0.14 ng mL and relative recoveries ranged from 88.6 to 106.2%. We found that novel HFRs were detected in water and crayfish samples and were primarily distributed in the viscera and head shell of the crayfish. The bioconcentration factors ranged from 0.25 to 19.20 L kg, indicating non-bioaccumulation in the crayfish. This study provides valuable technology and information for potential health risks of exposure to novel HFRs from consuming crayfish.
新型卤代阻燃剂（HFRs）因其对环境的危害和对人类健康的不良影响而备受关注。在本研究中，开发了一种用于同时测定六种新型 HFRs 的灵敏方法，包括四溴双酚 A（TBBPA）、四氯双酚 A、TBBPA 双（2-羟乙基醚）、TBBPA 双（烯丙基醚）、TBBPA 双（2,3-二溴丙基醚）和 2,4,6-三（2,4,6-三溴苯氧基）-1,3,5-三嗪。合成了 ZIF-8 修饰的氮掺杂还原氧化石墨烯（ZIF-8@N-rGO），并将其涂覆到注射器过滤器上，制备了薄膜微萃取（TFME）装置。ZIF-8@N-rGO 对新型 HFRs 的吸附容量范围为 50.98-112.84mg g，通过π-π、疏水和氢键相互作用的结合，表现出良好的萃取效率。TFME 装置与高效液相色谱-紫外检测系统联用，同时测定了小龙虾养殖水系统中目标 HFRs 的含量。在最佳萃取参数下，线性范围为 0.1-100ng mL。方法检出限范围为 0.030-0.14ng mL，相对回收率范围为 88.6-106.2%。结果表明，新型 HFRs 在水和小龙虾样品中均有检出，主要分布在小龙虾的内脏和头部外壳中。生物浓缩因子范围为 0.25-19.20 L kg，表明小龙虾中无生物蓄积。本研究为食用小龙虾可能接触新型 HFRs 带来的潜在健康风险提供了有价值的技术和信息。
