Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2021 Sep;150(3):2116. doi: 10.1121/10.0006416.
This study tested the hypotheses that (1) adolescents with cochlear implants (CIs) experience impaired spectral processing abilities, and (2) those impaired spectral processing abilities constrain acquisition of skills based on sensitivity to phonological structure but not those based on lexical or syntactic (lexicosyntactic) knowledge. To test these hypotheses, spectral modulation detection (SMD) thresholds were measured for 14-year-olds with normal hearing (NH) or CIs. Three measures each of phonological and lexicosyntactic skills were obtained and used to generate latent scores of each kind of skill. Relationships between SMD thresholds and both latent scores were assessed. Mean SMD threshold was poorer for adolescents with CIs than for adolescents with NH. Both latent lexicosyntactic and phonological scores were poorer for the adolescents with CIs, but the latent phonological score was disproportionately so. SMD thresholds were significantly associated with phonological but not lexicosyntactic skill for both groups. The only audiologic factor that also correlated with phonological latent scores for adolescents with CIs was the aided threshold, but it did not explain the observed relationship between SMD thresholds and phonological latent scores. Continued research is required to find ways of enhancing spectral processing for children with CIs to support their acquisition of phonological sensitivity.
（1）患有耳蜗植入物（CI）的青少年存在受损的频谱处理能力；（2）这些受损的频谱处理能力限制了基于语音结构敏感性的技能习得，而不限制基于词汇或句法（词法句法）知识的技能习得。为了检验这些假设，对具有正常听力（NH）或 CI 的 14 岁青少年进行了频谱调制检测（SMD）阈值测量。获得了每种语音和词法句法技能的三个测量值，并用于生成每种技能的潜在分数。评估了 SMD 阈值与两种潜在分数之间的关系。患有 CI 的青少年的平均 SMD 阈值比具有 NH 的青少年差。患有 CI 的青少年的潜在词法句法和语音分数都较差，但语音分数的下降幅度不成比例。对于两个组，SMD 阈值与语音技能而非词法句法技能显著相关。对于患有 CI 的青少年，唯一与语音潜在分数相关的听力学因素是助听听阈，但它并不能解释 SMD 阈值与语音潜在分数之间的观察到的关系。需要进一步研究以寻找增强 CI 儿童频谱处理能力的方法，以支持他们获得语音敏感性。
