Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
Institute of Sustainability and Innovation, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria, 8001, Australia; South East Water Corporation, Seaford, VIC, 3198 Australia.
J Environ Manage. 2022 Jan 1;301:113830. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113830. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Stormwater harvesting is an effective measure to mitigate flooding risk and pollutant migration in our urban environment with the continuously increasing impermeable faction. Treatment of harvested stormwater also provides the fit-for-purpose water sources as an alternative to potable water supply ensuring the reliability and sustainability of the water management in the living complex. In order to provide the water management decision-maker with a broad range of related technology database and to facilitate the implementation of stormwater harvesting in the future, a comprehensive review was undertaken to understand the corresponding treatment performance, the applicable circumstances of current stormwater treatment and harvesting technologies. Technologies with promising potential for stormwater treatment were also reviewed to investigate the feasibility of being used in an integrated process. The raw stormwater quality and the required quality for different levels of stormwater reuses (irrigation, recreational, and potable) were reviewed and compared. The required level of treatment is defined for different 'fit-for-purpose' uses of harvested stormwater. Stormwater biofilter and constructed wetland as the two most advanced and widely used stormwater harvesting and treatment technologies, their main functionality, treatment performance and adequate scale of the application were reviewed based on published peer-reviewed articles and case studies. Excessive microbial effluent that exists in stormwater treated using these two technologies has restricted the stormwater reuse in most cases. Water disinfection technologies developed for wastewater and surface water treatment but with high potential to be used for stormwater treatment have been reviewed. Their feasibility and limitation for stormwater treatment are presented with respect to different levels of fit-for-purpose reuses. Implications for future implementation of stormwater treatment are made on proposing treatment trains that are suitable for different fit-for-purpose stormwater reuses.
雨水收集是缓解城市环境中洪水风险和污染物迁移的有效措施，特别是在不透水面积不断增加的情况下。对采集的雨水进行处理还提供了适宜用途的水源，可作为饮用水供应的替代水源，确保生活综合体的水资源管理的可靠性和可持续性。为了为水资源管理决策者提供广泛的相关技术数据库，并促进未来雨水收集的实施，对当前雨水处理和采集技术的相应处理性能和适用情况进行了全面审查。还对具有雨水处理潜力的技术进行了审查，以研究其在综合处理中的可行性。审查了原始雨水水质和不同级别雨水再利用（灌溉、娱乐和饮用水）所需的水质，并进行了比较。为不同“适宜用途”的采集雨水定义了所需的处理水平。雨水生物滤池和人工湿地作为两种最先进和广泛应用的雨水收集和处理技术，根据已发表的同行评议文章和案例研究，对其主要功能、处理性能和适用规模进行了审查。这两种技术处理后的雨水中存在过量的微生物流出物，限制了雨水的再利用。针对废水和地表水处理开发的水消毒技术具有很大的潜力用于雨水处理，对其在不同适宜用途雨水再利用方面的可行性和局限性进行了审查。就提出适合不同适宜用途雨水再利用的处理方案，对未来实施雨水处理提出了一些建议。
