School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China; Center of Cooperative Innovation for Recovery and Reconstruction of Degraded Ecosystem in Wanjiang City Belt, Wuhu, 241002, China.
School of Ecology and Environment, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
Environ Pollut. 2021 Dec 15;291:118270. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118270. Epub 2021 Sep 30.
The crude e-waste recycling has been regulated in China since the late 2000s; however, information on the recent levels and the ecological risks of e-waste derived contaminants such as halogenated flame retardants (HFRs) in the e-waste sites are limited. We therefore examined the concentrations of several HFRs in wild, prey-sized mud carps collected from a typical e-waste site in 2006, 2011 and 2016, to understand the exposure dynamics and ecological risk of these chemicals. Several ecological and biological parameters including δN, δC, body size and lipid content of the fish were also examined, to ensure an overall uniformity of the sample set among the sampling years. Among the HFRs measured, polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) were detected at the highest concentrations (contributing >90% to ∑HFRs), followed by Dechlorane Plus (DPs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), and alternative brominated flame retardants (ABFRs). The fish concentrations of ∑PBDEs, ∑PBBs and ∑DPs significantly dropped by 65%, 57% and 53% from 2006 to 2011, and 12%, 74% and 51% from 2011 to 2016, respectively; likely reflecting the positive impact of the environmental regulations on crude e-waste recycling. The ∑ABFRs concentrations were also decreased by 80% from 2006 to 2011, but increased by 127% from 2011 to 2016; suggesting possible fresh input of these novel HFRs in recent years. In addition to the changes in the HFR concentrations, contaminant profiles in the fish were also changed, possibly due to environmental degradation of the HFRs. Despite our conservative method of risk assessment, we found that PBDEs posed an important risk both for the mud carp and for piscivorous wildlife that inhabit the e-waste site.
中国自 2000 年代末以来已经对原始电子废物回收进行了监管；然而，有关最近电子废物场地中卤代阻燃剂 (HFRs) 等电子废物衍生污染物的水平和生态风险的信息有限。因此，我们检测了 2006 年、2011 年和 2016 年从典型电子废物场采集的野生、猎物大小的鲫鱼中几种 HFRs 的浓度，以了解这些化学物质的暴露动态和生态风险。还检测了几种生态和生物学参数，包括鱼的 δN、δC、体型和脂质含量，以确保各采样年份样本集的整体均匀性。在所测量的 HFRs 中，多溴二苯醚 (PBDEs) 的浓度最高（对∑HFRs 的贡献超过 90%），其次是 Dechlorane Plus (DPs)、多溴联苯 (PBBs) 和替代溴化阻燃剂 (ABFRs)。从 2006 年到 2011 年，鱼体内∑PBDEs、∑PBBs 和∑DPs 的浓度分别下降了 65%、57%和 53%，从 2011 年到 2016 年分别下降了 12%、74%和 51%；这可能反映了环境法规对原始电子废物回收的积极影响。从 2006 年到 2011 年，∑ABFRs 的浓度下降了 80%，但从 2011 年到 2016 年增加了 127%；这表明近年来可能有这些新型 HFRs 的新鲜输入。除了 HFR 浓度的变化外，鱼体内的污染物分布也发生了变化，这可能是由于 HFRs 的环境降解。尽管我们采用了保守的风险评估方法，但我们发现 PBDEs 对栖息在电子废物场的鲫鱼和其他肉食性野生动物构成了重要风险。
