Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, 19 Le Thanh Tong, 11000, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Center of Advanced Technology for the Environment, Graduate School of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama, 790-8566, Japan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(10):14046-14057. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16851-6. Epub 2021 Oct 2.
The occurrence of nine phthalic acid esters (PAEs) were determined in indoor dust samples collected from vehicle repair shops, waste processing workshops, and homes in Vietnam. Concentrations of total PAEs ranged from 585 to 153,000 (median 33,400 ng/g), which fall in the lower end of global range. The PAE levels in workplace dust (median 49,100; range 9210-153,000 ng/g) were significantly higher than those in house dust (median 23,700; range 585-83,700 ng/g), indicating waste processing activities as potential PAE sources. The most predominant compound was di-(2-ethyl)hexyl phthalate (DEHP), accounting for 62 ± 18% of total PAEs. Other major compounds were benzyl butyl phthalate (BzBP) (10 ± 12%), di-n-butyl phthalate (DnBP) (9.7 ± 7.7%), di-n-octyl phthalate (DnOP) (7.9 ± 8.1%), and diisobutyl phthalate (DiBP) (6.9 ± 5.0%). Proportions of BzBP and DnBP in some workplace dust samples were markedly greater than in common house dust, suggesting specific emission sources. Daily intake doses of selected PAEs (e.g., DnBP, DiBP, BzBP, and DEHP) through dust ingestion were much lower than reference doses, implying acceptable levels of risk.
本研究采集了越南汽车修理店、废物处理车间和家庭的室内灰尘样本，检测了其中 9 种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAE）的含量。总 PAE 浓度范围为 585 至 153,000（中位数 33,400ng/g），处于全球范围的较低水平。工作场所灰尘中的 PAE 水平（中位数 49,100；范围 9,210-153,000ng/g）显著高于家庭灰尘（中位数 23,700；范围 585-83,700ng/g），表明废物处理活动可能是 PAE 的来源之一。最主要的化合物是邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基）己酯（DEHP），占总 PAE 的 62±18%。其他主要化合物为邻苯二甲酸苄丁酯（BzBP）（10±12%）、邻苯二甲酸二正丁酯（DnBP）（9.7±7.7%）、邻苯二甲酸二正辛酯（DnOP）（7.9±8.1%）和邻苯二甲酸二异丁酯（DiBP）（6.9±5.0%）。一些工作场所灰尘样本中 BzBP 和 DnBP 的比例明显高于普通家庭灰尘，表明存在特定的排放源。通过灰尘摄入摄入的选定 PAE（如 DnBP、DiBP、BzBP 和 DEHP）的日摄入量远低于参考剂量，表明风险处于可接受水平。
