Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China.
Cell Mol Biol Lett. 2021 Oct 3;26(1):42. doi: 10.1186/s11658-021-00285-6.
Keratinocytes and fibroblasts represent the major cell types in the epidermis and dermis of the skin and play a significant role in maintenance of skin homeostasis. However, the biological characteristics of keratinocytes and fibroblasts remain to be elucidated. The purpose of this study was to compare the gene expression pattern between keratinocytes and fibroblasts and to explore novel biomarker genes so as to provide potential therapeutic targets for skin-related diseases such as burns, wounds, and aging.
Skin keratinocytes and fibroblasts were isolated from newborn mice. To fully understand the heterogeneity of gene expression between keratinocytes and fibroblasts, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cell types were detected by RNA-seq technology. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to detect the known genes of keratinocytes and fibroblasts and verify the RNA-seq results.
Transcriptomic data showed a total of 4309 DEGs (fold-change > 1.5 and q-value < 0.05). Among them, 2197 genes were highly expressed in fibroblasts and included 10 genes encoding collagen, 16 genes encoding transcription factors, and 14 genes encoding growth factors. Simultaneously, 2112 genes were highly expressed in keratinocytes and included 7 genes encoding collagen, 14 genes encoding transcription factors, and 8 genes encoding growth factors. Furthermore, we summarized 279 genes specifically expressed in keratinocytes and 33 genes specifically expressed in fibroblasts, which may represent distinct molecular signatures of each cell type. Additionally, we observed some novel specific biomarkers for fibroblasts such as Plac8 (placenta-specific 8), Agtr2 (angiotensin II receptor, type 2), Serping1 (serpin peptidase inhibitor, clade G, member 1), Ly6c1 (lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus C1), Dpt (dermatopontin), and some novel specific biomarkers for keratinocytes such as Ly6a (lymphocyte antigen 6 complex, locus A) and Lce3c (late cornified envelope 3C), Ccer2 (coiled-coil glutamate-rich protein 2), Col18a1 (collagen, type XVIII, alpha 1) and Col17a1 (collagen type XVII, alpha 1). In summary, these data provided novel identifying biomarkers for two cell types, which can provide a resource of DEGs for further investigations.
角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞是皮肤表皮和真皮中的主要细胞类型，在维持皮肤内稳态方面发挥着重要作用。然而，角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞的生物学特性仍有待阐明。本研究旨在比较角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞之间的基因表达模式，并探索新的生物标志物基因，为烧伤、创伤和衰老等与皮肤相关的疾病提供潜在的治疗靶点。
从新生小鼠中分离皮肤角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞。为了充分了解角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞之间基因表达的异质性，我们使用 RNA-seq 技术检测两种细胞类型之间的差异表达基因（DEGs）。采用实时定量聚合酶链反应（qRT-PCR）检测角蛋白细胞和成纤维细胞的已知基因，并验证 RNA-seq 结果。
转录组数据共显示 4309 个 DEGs（倍数变化>1.5，q 值<0.05）。其中，2197 个基因在成纤维细胞中高表达，包括 10 个编码胶原的基因、16 个编码转录因子的基因和 14 个编码生长因子的基因。同时，2112 个基因在角蛋白细胞中高表达，包括 7 个编码胶原的基因、14 个编码转录因子的基因和 8 个编码生长因子的基因。此外，我们总结了 279 个角蛋白细胞特异性表达的基因和 33 个成纤维细胞特异性表达的基因，这些基因可能代表了两种细胞类型的独特分子特征。此外，我们还观察到一些新的成纤维细胞特异性生物标志物，如 Plac8（胎盘特异性 8）、Agtr2（血管紧张素 II 受体，类型 2）、Serping1（丝氨酸蛋白酶抑制剂，G 簇，成员 1）、Ly6c1（淋巴细胞抗原 6 复合体，位点 C1）、Dpt（皮肤蛋白），以及一些新的角蛋白细胞特异性生物标志物，如 Ly6a（淋巴细胞抗原 6 复合体，位点 A）和 Lce3c（晚期角蛋白包膜 3C）、Ccer2（卷曲螺旋谷氨酸丰富蛋白 2）、Col18a1（胶原 XVIII，alpha 1）和 Col17a1（胶原 XVII，alpha 1）。总之，这些数据为两种细胞类型提供了新的鉴定生物标志物，可为进一步研究提供差异表达基因资源。
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