Fildan Ariadna Petronela, Rajnoveanu Ruxandra-Mioara, Cirjaliu Roxana, Pohrib Ionela, Tudorache Emanuela, Ilie Adrian Cosmin, Oancea Cristian, Tofolean Doina
Faculty of Medicine, Ovidius University, Constanța 900527, Romania.
Department of Pneumology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca 400371, Romania.
Exp Ther Med. 2021 Nov;22(5):1263. doi: 10.3892/etm.2021.10698. Epub 2021 Sep 6.
Asthma is a variable chronic respiratory disease characterized by airway inflammation and hyperresponsiveness, bronchoconstriction, and mucus hypersecretion. While most patients with asthma achieve good control of the disease, 5-10% experience severe symptoms and recurrent exacerbation despite the maximal offered therapy with inhaled corticosteroids and long acting bronchodilators. In previous years, novel biological therapies have become available, and various asthma phenotypes that are characterized by specific biomarkers have been identified. Currently approved biological agents target inflammatory molecules of the type 2 inflammatory pathway, and are effective at decreasing the frequency of asthma attacks, controlling symptoms and decreasing use of systemic steroids. The present study reviewed the effectiveness and safety profile of the currently approved biological drugs and provided an overview of the assessment of patients with severe asthma who are potentially suitable for biological therapy, in order to help clinicians to select the most appropriate biological agent.
哮喘是一种可变的慢性呼吸道疾病，其特征为气道炎症、高反应性、支气管收缩和黏液分泌过多。虽然大多数哮喘患者能很好地控制病情，但5% - 10%的患者即使接受了吸入性糖皮质激素和长效支气管扩张剂的最大剂量治疗，仍会出现严重症状和反复加重。在过去几年中，新型生物疗法已问世，并且已识别出以特定生物标志物为特征的各种哮喘表型。目前获批的生物制剂靶向2型炎症途径的炎症分子，可有效降低哮喘发作频率、控制症状并减少全身用类固醇的使用。本研究回顾了目前获批的生物药物的有效性和安全性概况，并概述了对可能适合生物疗法的重度哮喘患者的评估，以帮助临床医生选择最合适的生物制剂。
