Bawa-Allah Kafilat Adebola, Otitoloju Adebayo, Hogstrand Christer
Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, UK.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Lagos, Akoka, Lagos, Nigeria.
Heliyon. 2021 Sep 20;7(9):e08018. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e08018. eCollection 2021 Sep.
Accurate assessment of the toxic potential of waterborne chemicals is vital to pollution control and management in aquatic ecosystems. However, there is a global advocacy for the reduction, replacement, and refinement of the use of whole organisms in chemical screening studies. This has encouraged the development of alternative and computer-based techniques. In this study we investigated the possibility of optimising cultured rainbow trout gill epithelium to tolerate seawater and its use to assess toxicity of waterborne chemicals. Gill cells were obtained from rainbow trout acclimated to freshwater or to artificial seawater and were cultured in L-15 culture medium supplemented with or without cortisol. Intact gill epithelia were subjected to 20‰, 25‰ or 30‰ artificial seawater for 24 h and cell viability was assessed. The viability of gill cells obtained from freshwater or artificial seawater acclimated fish and grown without cortisol reduced to less than 80% compared to controls. The addition of cortisol to culture medium improved cell viability in seawater with 94%-95% viability compared to controls. The optimised gill cell epithelium was exposed to trace elements at concentrations previously reported as causing 50% response or mortality (EC/LC) using other cell-based and studies. Viability of the gill cells were compared to the 50% response or survival reported. The gill cells were found to be more sensitive than other isolated primary seawater-fish cells, having 5%, 16% and 37% survival on exposure to arsenic, cadmium, and lead, respectively. Results from this study has shown that cultured rainbow trout gill epithelia can be optimised to tolerate seawater and can be used in toxicological evaluations of pollutants resuspended in seawater, mimicking marine ecosystem conditions. The optimised gill cell system can serve as a viable method for marine ecosystem toxicological studies which would facilitate effective pollution control and management.
准确评估水中化学物质的潜在毒性对于水生生态系统的污染控制和管理至关重要。然而，全球都在倡导减少、替代和优化在化学筛选研究中使用完整生物体的做法。这推动了替代技术和基于计算机的技术的发展。在本研究中，我们调查了优化养殖虹鳟鱼鳃上皮细胞以耐受海水的可能性，以及利用其评估水中化学物质毒性的用途。鳃细胞取自适应淡水或人工海水的虹鳟鱼，并在添加或不添加皮质醇的L-15培养基中培养。完整的鳃上皮细胞暴露于20‰、25‰或30‰的人工海水中24小时，并评估细胞活力。与对照组相比，取自适应淡水或人工海水且未添加皮质醇培养的鱼的鳃细胞活力降至80%以下。向培养基中添加皮质醇可提高海水环境中细胞的活力，与对照组相比，活力达到94%-95%。将优化后的鳃细胞上皮细胞暴露于先前报道的能引起50%反应或死亡（EC/LC）浓度的微量元素中，这些浓度是基于其他细胞研究得出的。将鳃细胞的活力与报道的50%反应或存活率进行比较。结果发现，鳃细胞比其他分离的海水鱼原代细胞更敏感，暴露于砷、镉和铅时，存活率分别为5%、16%和37%。本研究结果表明，养殖虹鳟鱼鳃上皮细胞可被优化以耐受海水，并可用于模拟海洋生态系统条件下对海水中悬浮污染物的毒理学评估。优化后的鳃细胞系统可作为海洋生态系统毒理学研究的一种可行方法，这将有助于有效的污染控制和管理。
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