ASST Melegnano e della Martesana, Vizzolo Predabissi (MI), Italy.
Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2021 Jul 30;62(2):E382-E385. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2021.62.2.1953. eCollection 2021 Jun.
In recent times, improved diagnostic techniques have revealed an alarming number of cases of mucormycosis in immunocompetent individuals. The Saksenaea species, is a rare cause of mucormycosis, and is often associated with skin and subcutaneous infection due to trauma in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent subjects. The purpose of this study was therefore, through a review of the literature, to investigate the problem of infections caused by Saksenaea Erythrospora, evaluating the clinical manifestations of the infection, the triggering factors, the therapies and patients' outcomes, implementing and updating what already reported in literature.
A research of peer-reviewed literature in the electronic databases MEDLINE (PubMed) and Scopus was conducted in the period June 2020-January 2021 using the key word "Saksenaea erythrospora". Studies in Italian, English, French, Spanish focused on cases of Saksenaea erythrospora were included, without time restrictions. Studies that provided ambiguous or insufficient data were excluded.
Bibliographic research yielded 23 publications; 7 were included in the review. The studies were published between 2011 and 2015 and involved a total of 11 patients of average age 37.9 years (SD 17.23) hospitalized in several hospitals in: USA, India, Argentina, Colombia, Thailand. 6 patients were women, 5 men. All patients had an almost normal immune status. The causes of the infection were: injections, traumas, surgery. Two patients, despite surgical and medical therapy, died.
Our review partially updated what already published, because only one new study was found. Serious necrotizing infections from Saksenaea erythrospora have been observed in recent years and a early identification and timely management are essential to reduce morbidity and mortality. A greater awareness and education about the risks deriving from carrying out surgical procedures abroad, especially in precarious hygiene situations, could be additional effective weapons to reduce the incidence of these infections.
近年来，随着诊断技术的提高，免疫功能正常的个体中也发现了大量的毛霉病病例。稀头孢霉属（Saksenaea）是毛霉病的罕见病因，常与免疫功能低下和免疫功能正常的患者因创伤导致的皮肤和皮下感染有关。因此，本研究通过文献回顾，旨在探讨稀头孢霉属（Saksenaea）引起的感染问题，评估感染的临床表现、诱发因素、治疗方法和患者结局，并对文献中已报道的内容进行补充和更新。
在 2020 年 6 月至 2021 年 1 月期间，使用“稀头孢霉属（Saksenaea）”关键词，在 MEDLINE（PubMed）和 Scopus 电子数据库中进行了同行评审文献的研究。纳入意大利语、英语、法语和西班牙语的研究，无时间限制。排除提供模糊或不充分数据的研究。
文献研究共产生 23 篇出版物；其中 7 篇被纳入综述。这些研究发表于 2011 年至 2015 年之间，共涉及 11 名平均年龄为 37.9 岁（标准差 17.23）的患者，他们在几家医院住院治疗，分布在美国、印度、阿根廷、哥伦比亚和泰国。6 名患者为女性，5 名患者为男性。所有患者的免疫状态几乎正常。感染的原因是：注射、创伤、手术。尽管进行了手术和药物治疗，仍有 2 名患者死亡。
我们的综述部分更新了已发表的内容，因为仅发现了一项新的研究。近年来观察到由稀头孢霉属（Saksenaea）引起的严重坏死性感染，早期识别和及时治疗对于降低发病率和死亡率至关重要。提高对在卫生条件较差的情况下进行国外手术的风险的认识和教育，可能是减少这些感染发生的另外有效武器。
