Saveleva Mariia S, Ivanov Alexey N, Chibrikova Julia A, Abalymov Anatolii A, Surmeneva Maria A, Surmenev Roman A, Parakhonskiy Bogdan V, Lomova Maria V, Skirtach Andre G, Norkin Igor A
Remotely Controlled Systems for Theranostics Laboratory, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, Saratov, 410012, Russia.
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent, 9000, Belgium.
Macromol Biosci. 2021 Dec;21(12):e2100266. doi: 10.1002/mabi.202100266. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
In current orthopedic practice, bone implants used to-date often exhibit poor osteointegration, impaired osteogenesis, and, eventually, implant failure. Actively pursued strategies for tissue engineering could overcome these shortcomings by developing new hybrid materials with bioinspired structure and enhanced regenerative potential. In this study, the osteogenic and therapeutic potential of bioactive vaterite is investigated as a functional component of a fibrous polymeric scaffold for bone regeneration. Hybrid two-layered polycaprolactone scaffolds coated with vaterite (PCL/CaCO ) are studied during their 28-days implantation period in a rat femur defect. After this period, the study of tissue formation in the defected area is performed by the histological study of femur cross-sections. Immobilization of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) into PCL/CaCO scaffolds accelerates new bone tissue formation and defect repair. PCL/CaCO and PCL/CaCO /ALP scaffolds reveal 37.3% and 62.9% areas, respectively, filled with newly formed bone tissue in cross-sections compared to unmineralized PCL scaffold (17.5%). Bone turnover markers are monitored on the 7th and 28th days after implantation and reveal an increase of osteocalcin level for both PCL/CaCO and PCL/CaCO /ALP compared with PCL indicating the activation of osteogenesis. These findings indicate that vaterite, as an osteoconductive component of polymeric scaffolds, promotes osteogenesis, supports angiogenesis, and facilitates bone defect repair.
在当前的骨科实践中，迄今为止使用的骨植入物常常表现出骨整合不良、成骨受损，最终导致植入失败。积极探索的组织工程策略可以通过开发具有仿生结构和增强再生潜力的新型复合材料来克服这些缺点。在本研究中，研究了生物活性球霰石作为用于骨再生的纤维聚合物支架的功能成分的成骨和治疗潜力。研究了涂覆有球霰石的双层聚己内酯支架（PCL/CaCO₃）在大鼠股骨缺损中28天植入期的情况。在此期间后，通过对股骨横截面的组织学研究来进行缺损区域组织形成的研究。将碱性磷酸酶（ALP）固定到PCL/CaCO₃支架中可加速新骨组织形成和缺损修复。与未矿化的PCL支架（17.5%）相比，PCL/CaCO₃和PCL/CaCO₃/ALP支架在横截面中分别有37.3%和62.9%的区域被新形成的骨组织填充。在植入后第7天和第28天监测骨转换标志物，结果显示与PCL相比，PCL/CaCO₃和PCL/CaCO₃/ALP的骨钙素水平均升高，表明成骨作用被激活。这些发现表明，球霰石作为聚合物支架的骨传导成分，可促进成骨、支持血管生成并促进骨缺损修复。
