解释标准化住院医师培训项目中住院医师的工作满意度：一个串行多重中介模型
Explaining Job Satisfaction Among Residents in Standardized Residency Training Programs: A Serial Multiple Mediation Model.
作者信息
Zhang Hui, Chen Dandan, Cui Nianqi, Zou Ping, Shao Jing, Wang Xiyi, Zhang Yichi, Du Jiao, Du Chunxue, Zhou Guanglan, Zheng Deyi
机构信息
Department of Cardiology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, People's Republic of China.
Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China.
出版信息
Risk Manag Healthc Policy. 2021 Sep 29;14:4073-4081. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S330217. eCollection 2021.
BACKGROUND
Despite a flood of research on job satisfaction, few studies have examined how and why social support influences job satisfaction. This study aimed to explore how social support has an indirect effect on job satisfaction by examining its impact on emotional exhaustion and anxiety symptoms among residents of the physicians standardized residency training program in China.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study adopted questionnaires to collect data from residents in the standardized residency training program in China. The PROCESS macro for SPSS based on ordinary least-squares regression and the bootstrap method was used. The indirect effect of social support was examined using bootstrapping procedures. A serial multiple mediation model was examined in which social support was associated with job satisfaction via emotional exhaustion and anxiety symptoms.
RESULTS
There were 269 residents who provided usable data for the analysis. The mean age of residents was 25.98 years old. Close to half (52%) of the participants were female. The total indirect effect of social support on job satisfaction was significant (=0.21, SE=0.05, CI=0.12 to 0.32). The specific indirect effect 1 (social support→emotional exhaustion→job satisfaction) was significant (=0.12, SE=0.04, CI=0.05 to 0.19). The specific indirect effect 2 (social support→anxiety symptoms→job satisfaction) was significant (=0.07, SE=0.03, CI=0.02 to 0.13).The specific indirect effect 3 (social support→emotional exhaustion→anxiety symptoms→job satisfaction) was also found to be significant through both optimism and work engagement (=0.03, SE=0.01, CI=0.01 to 0.05).
CONCLUSION
It seems critical for hospital management to develop a supportive work environment to improve the effects of emotional exhaustion and anxiety symptoms and to provide sufficient support to improve job satisfaction among residents in standardized residency training programs.
背景
尽管关于工作满意度的研究大量涌现，但很少有研究探讨社会支持如何以及为何会影响工作满意度。本研究旨在通过考察社会支持对中国医师规范化住院医师培训项目学员情绪耗竭和焦虑症状的影响，来探究社会支持如何对工作满意度产生间接影响。
方法
本横断面研究采用问卷调查法收集中国规范化住院医师培训项目学员的数据。使用基于普通最小二乘法回归和自助法原理的SPSS过程宏程序。采用自助法程序检验社会支持的间接效应。构建了一个串行多重中介模型，其中社会支持通过情绪耗竭和焦虑症状与工作满意度相关联。
结果
共有269名学员提供了可用于分析的数据。学员的平均年龄为25.98岁。近一半（52%）的参与者为女性。社会支持对工作满意度的总间接效应显著（β = 0.21，标准误 = 0.05，置信区间 = 0.12至0.32）。具体间接效应1（社会支持→情绪耗竭→工作满意度）显著（β = 0.12，标准误 = 0.04，置信区间 = 0.05至0.19）。具体间接效应2（社会支持→焦虑症状→工作满意度）显著（β = 0.07，标准误 = 0.03，置信区间 = 0.02至0.13）。还发现具体间接效应3（社会支持→情绪耗竭→焦虑症状→工作满意度）通过乐观和工作投入也显著（β = 0.03，标准误 = 0.01，置信区间 = 0.01至0.05）。
结论
医院管理部门营造支持性的工作环境以改善情绪耗竭和焦虑症状的影响，并提供充分支持以提高规范化住院医师培训项目学员的工作满意度，似乎至关重要。
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