Rocha Raquel, de J Santos Geisa, Santana Genoile
Department of Sciences of Nutrition, School of Nutrition, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador 40110-150, Bahia, Brazil.
Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia, Salvador 40110060, Bahia, Brazil.
World J Gastrointest Pharmacol Ther. 2021 Sep 5;12(5):90-99. doi: 10.4292/wjgpt.v12.i5.90.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are a group of chronic inflammatory diseases that affect the gastrointestinal tract, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis. Surgery is a treatment option, and more than half of the patients with CD will undergo surgical interventions over the course of the disease. Postoperative complications are common in IBD patients, the most frequent being intra-abdominal sepsis, infection of the surgical site, and adynamic ileum, and nutritional status is a factor that can influence postoperative outcome. Recent studies have shown that malnutrition, obesity, sarcopenia, and myosteatosis are predictors of surgical complications. However, most were retrospective studies with small patient samples and heterogeneity of clinical and nutritional assessment methods, which limit the extrapolation of data. Therefore, knowing the pathophysiological mechanisms of IBD and identifying the best parameters for assessing nutritional status are essential for prompt implementation of adequate nutritional interventions.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一组影响胃肠道的慢性炎症性疾病，包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎。手术是一种治疗选择，超过一半的CD患者在疾病过程中会接受手术干预。术后并发症在IBD患者中很常见，最常见的是腹腔内脓毒症、手术部位感染和动力性肠梗阻，营养状况是影响术后结局的一个因素。最近的研究表明，营养不良、肥胖、肌肉减少症和肌脂肪变性是手术并发症的预测因素。然而，大多数是回顾性研究，患者样本量小，临床和营养评估方法存在异质性，这限制了数据的外推。因此，了解IBD的病理生理机制并确定评估营养状况的最佳参数对于及时实施适当的营养干预至关重要。
