Shenoy U Sangeetha, Adiga Divya, Kabekkodu Shama Prasada, Hunter Keith D, Radhakrishnan Raghu
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.
Cell Biol Toxicol. 2022 Feb;38(1):1-30. doi: 10.1007/s10565-021-09657-2. Epub 2021 Oct 6.
Homeobox (HOX) genes encode highly conserved homeotic transcription factors that play a crucial role in organogenesis and tissue homeostasis. Their deregulation impacts the function of several regulatory molecules contributing to tumor initiation and progression. A functional bridge exists between altered gene expression of individual HOX genes and tumorigenesis. This review focuses on how deregulation in the HOX-associated signaling pathways contributes to the metastatic progression in cancer. We discuss their functional significance, clinical implications and ascertain their role as a diagnostic and prognostic biomarker in the various cancer types. Besides, the mechanism of understanding the theoretical underpinning that affects HOX-mediated therapy resistance in cancers has been outlined. The knowledge gained shall pave the way for newer insights into the treatment of cancer.
同源框（HOX）基因编码高度保守的同源异型转录因子，这些因子在器官发生和组织稳态中发挥着关键作用。它们的失调会影响多种调节分子的功能，从而促进肿瘤的发生和发展。单个HOX基因的基因表达改变与肿瘤发生之间存在功能联系。本综述重点关注HOX相关信号通路的失调如何促进癌症的转移进展。我们讨论了它们的功能意义、临床意义，并确定它们在各种癌症类型中作为诊断和预后生物标志物的作用。此外，还概述了理解影响癌症中HOX介导的治疗耐药性的理论基础的机制。所获得的知识将为癌症治疗的新见解铺平道路。
