Velásquez Juan M Alfaro, Vásquez Trespalacios Elsa Maria, Urrego Rodrigo, Arroyave Toro María C, Montilla Velásquez María Del Pilar, Soto Cecilia Maria Díaz, Vélez Juan C Zuluaga, Jaramillo Henríquez Verónica, Flórez Jorge Emilio Salazar, Monroy Fernando P, Palacio Mosquera Hernando Alirio, Vélez Gómez Sara, Pelaez Sánchez Ronald Guillermo
Life and Health Sciences Research Group, Graduate School, CES University, Medellin 050021, Colombia.
Medical Surgical Specialties Group, Faculty of Medicine, CES University, Medellin 050021, Colombia.
Biomedicines. 2025 May 23;13(6):1288. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13061288.
Low birth weight in newborns is of multifactorial origin (fetal, maternal, placental, and environmental factors), and in one-third of cases, the cause is of unknown origin, with high infant morbidity and mortality. The main treatment for regaining weight and height in children with low birth weight is the application of growth hormones. However, their role as a protective factor to prevent an increase in body composition and the development of metabolic diseases is still poorly understood. : A case-control study was conducted in a cohort of patients consulted at the CES Pediatric Endocrinology Clinic, Medellín, Colombia, between 2008 and 2018. We evaluated sociodemographic and clinical variables. Additionally, the identification of differential patterns of genomic methylation between cases (treated with growth hormone) and controls (without growth hormone treatment) was performed. The groups were compared using Fisher's exact test for qualitative variables and Student's -test for the difference in means in independent samples. The correlation was evaluated with the Pearson coefficient. Regarding clinical manifestations, body mass index (BMI) was higher in children who did not receive growth hormone treatment, higher doses of growth hormone treatment helped reduce body mass index (R: -0.21, and = 0.067), and the use of growth hormone was related to a decrease in triglyceride blood concentrations ( = 0.06); these results tended towards significance. Regarding genome-wide methylation patterns, the following genes were found to be hypermethylated: , and . Meanwhile, the following genes were found hypomethylated: , and . Using growth hormone as a treatment in SGA newborns helps regain weight and height. Additionally, it could be a protective factor against the increase in adolescent body composition.
新生儿低出生体重是多因素导致的（胎儿、母体、胎盘和环境因素），三分之一的病例病因不明，婴儿发病率和死亡率很高。低出生体重儿童恢复体重和身高的主要治疗方法是应用生长激素。然而，它们作为预防身体成分增加和代谢疾病发展的保护因素的作用仍知之甚少。：在2008年至2018年期间，对哥伦比亚麦德林CES儿科内分泌诊所咨询的一组患者进行了病例对照研究。我们评估了社会人口统计学和临床变量。此外，还对病例组（接受生长激素治疗）和对照组（未接受生长激素治疗）之间的基因组甲基化差异模式进行了鉴定。使用Fisher精确检验对定性变量进行组间比较，使用独立样本t检验对均值差异进行比较。相关性用Pearson系数进行评估。关于临床表现，未接受生长激素治疗的儿童体重指数（BMI）较高，较高剂量的生长激素治疗有助于降低体重指数（R：-0.21，P = 0.067），生长激素的使用与血液甘油三酯浓度降低有关（P = 0.06）；这些结果趋于显著。关于全基因组甲基化模式，发现以下基因甲基化程度较高：……，同时，发现以下基因甲基化程度较低：……。在小于胎龄儿（SGA）新生儿中使用生长激素作为治疗有助于恢复体重和身高。此外，它可能是预防青少年身体成分增加的保护因素。 （注：原文中部分基因名称未给出具体内容，用省略号代替）
