Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, USA; Harvard Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, USA.
University of Notre Dame, Department of Psychology, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2022 Jan 1;296:244-249. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.09.029. Epub 2021 Sep 17.
The current study aimed to examine the concurrent and prospective relationships between the three hypothesized components of behavioral approach system (BAS) sensitivity: drive, reflecting the motivation to pursue one's desired goals; reward responsiveness, reflecting sensitivity to reward or reinforcement; and fun-seeking, reflecting the motivation for pursuing novel rewards in a spontaneous manner, and NSSI urge severity.
A sample of 64 undergraduates with a history of repetitive NSSI completed an ecological momentary assessment protocol. During this period of time, participants reported on the BAS-constructs of drive, reward responsiveness, and fun-seeking, as well as NSSI urge severity on a momentary basis at three random intervals each day for a period of ten-days.
Drive and reward responsiveness, but not fun-seeking, were concurrently positively associated with NSSI urge severity. However, no associations between BAS facets and prospective NSSI urges were found.
This study was limited by its use of single items to assess the BAS-constructs of drive, reward responsiveness, and fun-seeking.
Our findings indicate that feeling strongly impacted by rewards and having a strong sense of drive toward goal attainment may represent cognitive risk states that are associated with increased within-person NSSI risk. However, their lack of prospective prediction may suggest that these cognitive states are associated only on a momentary basis with NSSI urges and may not confer risk.
本研究旨在检验行为趋近系统（BAS）敏感性的三个假设组成部分之间的并发和前瞻性关系：驱动，反映追求个人目标的动机；奖励反应性，反映对奖励或强化的敏感性；以及寻求乐趣，反映以自发的方式追求新奖励的动机，以及 NSSI 冲动严重程度。
一个有重复 NSSI 病史的 64 名本科生样本完成了一项生态瞬间评估协议。在此期间，参与者每天在三个随机时间间隔内以瞬间为基础报告 BAS 结构的驱动、奖励反应性和寻求乐趣，以及 NSSI 冲动严重程度，为期十天。
驱动和奖励反应性，但不是寻求乐趣，与 NSSI 冲动严重程度呈正相关。然而，BAS 方面与前瞻性 NSSI 冲动之间没有关联。
本研究的局限性在于它使用单一项目来评估驱动、奖励反应性和寻求乐趣的 BAS 结构。
我们的研究结果表明，强烈感受到奖励的影响和对目标实现的强烈驱动力可能代表与增加个体内 NSSI 风险相关的认知风险状态。然而，它们缺乏前瞻性预测可能表明这些认知状态仅与 NSSI 冲动有关，而不会带来风险。
