Lewy A J, Sack R L, Miller L S, Hoban T M, Singer C M, Samples J R, Krauss G L
J Neural Transm Suppl. 1986;21:311-22.
Using the highly accurate and sensitive gas chromatographic-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometric assay for plasma melatonin we have measured plasma melatonin in humans as a biological marker for 24-hour (circadian) and seasonal rhythms and the effects of light on these rhythms. We propose that there are at least three critical parameters for light to be chronobiologically active in humans: intensity, wavelength and timing. With regard to timing, we have found that bright light exposure in the morning advances circadian rhythms (shifts them to an earlier time) and bright light in the evening delays them (shifts them to a later time). We have suggested that chronobiologic sleep and mood disorders be "phase typed" into either the phase advance subtype or the phase delayed subtype and that these disorders can then be treated with either evening light (for phase advanced disorders) or morning light (for phase delayed disorders). Regarding the function of melatonin in humans, we have preliminary evidence that it may participate in the regulation of the circadian rhythm of intraocular pressure.
我们使用高度精确且灵敏的气相色谱 - 负化学电离质谱分析法来测定人体血浆褪黑素，将其作为24小时（昼夜节律）和季节节律以及光照对这些节律影响的生物标志物。我们提出，光照要在人体中产生生物钟活性，至少有三个关键参数：强度、波长和时间。关于时间，我们发现早晨暴露于强光会使昼夜节律提前（将其提前到更早的时间），而晚上的强光则会使其延迟（将其推迟到更晚的时间）。我们建议将生物钟性睡眠和情绪障碍“相位分型”为相位提前亚型或相位延迟亚型，然后可以用傍晚光照（用于相位提前障碍）或早晨光照（用于相位延迟障碍）来治疗这些疾病。关于褪黑素在人体中的功能，我们有初步证据表明它可能参与眼内压昼夜节律的调节。
