Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
AB Vista, Marlborough, Wiltshire SN8 4AN, United Kingdom.
Poult Sci. 2021 Nov;100(11):101467. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101467. Epub 2021 Sep 3.
The effect of sodium chloride (NaCl) and NaCl+sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO) and supplemental phytase (0, 500, 1,000, and 2,000 FTU/kg) on performance, nutrient digestibility and utilization, and digesta pH of male broiler chickens were investigated in a 2 × 4+1 factorial arrangement of treatments in a completely randomized design with 6 replicate cages of 8 birds per replicate. Data were analyzed as a 2 × 4 factorial with contrast between the positive control and the diets containing 0 FTU phytase. Phytase supplementation linearly improved (P < 0.05) average body weigh gain (BWG) and feed intake (d 0-14 and 0-21). Apparent jejunal dry matter (DM) digestibility and digestible energy in birds fed diets containing only NaCl increased (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation whereas quadratic (P < 0.05) effect was observed in birds fed diets containing a combination of NaCl and NaHCO. Phytase supplementation improved (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) apparent ileal nitrogen and P digestibility. Apparent utilization of DM, nitrogen, energy, and metabolizable energy increased (linear; P < 0.05) with increasing level of phytase supplementation. Apparent P utilization increased (linear and quadratic; P < 0.05) for both sodium sources but calcium utilization only increased (linear; P < 0.05) with the combination of NaCl and NaHCO. Bone breaking strength (linear and quadratic) and bone ash (linear) increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation. The combination of NaCl and NaHCO resulted in lower (P < 0.05) pH of digesta in the proximal ileum whereas the pH of the digesta in the distal ileum (linear) and the average pH of ileal contents (linear and quadratic) increased (P < 0.05) with phytase supplementation. Results from this study showed that birds' performance and utilization of nutrients and energy by broilers in the presence of phytase was, in general, not influenced by the source of sodium in the diet. Data from this study showed that NaHCO can replace a portion of NaCl in the diet of broilers supplemented with phytase without any significant negative effect on performance and that the 2,000 FTU phytase level resulted in better BWG and feed intake as well nutrient and energy utilization.
本研究采用完全随机设计的 2×4+1 因子试验方案，以 6 个重复笼为单位，每个重复笼饲养 8 只雄性肉鸡，探讨了氯化钠（NaCl）和 NaCl+碳酸氢钠（NaHCO）以及补充植酸酶（0、500、1000 和 2000 FTU/kg）对肉鸡生产性能、养分消化利用率和食糜 pH 的影响。数据以 2×4 因子进行分析，在正对照和不含 0 FTU 植酸酶的日粮之间进行对比。添加植酸酶可线性提高（P＜0.05）肉鸡平均体重增重（BWG）和采食量（第 0-14 天和第 0-21 天）。仅添加 NaCl 的日粮中，肉鸡的表观空肠干物质（DM）消化率和可消化能随植酸酶添加呈线性和二次增加（P＜0.05），而添加 NaCl 和 NaHCO 的日粮中则观察到二次效应（P＜0.05）。添加植酸酶可线性和二次提高（P＜0.05）肉鸡的表观回肠氮和磷消化率。DM、氮、能量和代谢能的表观利用率随植酸酶添加水平的增加而线性提高（P＜0.05）。对于两种钠源，表观磷利用率均随植酸酶添加而线性和二次提高（P＜0.05），但仅在添加 NaCl 和 NaHCO 的组合时，钙利用率才线性提高（P＜0.05）。骨断裂强度（线性和二次）和骨灰分（线性）随植酸酶添加而提高（P＜0.05）。NaCl 和 NaHCO 的组合导致近端回肠食糜 pH 降低（P＜0.05），而远端回肠食糜 pH （线性）和回肠内容物平均 pH （线性和二次）随植酸酶添加而提高（P＜0.05）。本研究结果表明，在添加植酸酶的情况下，肉鸡的生产性能和养分及能量利用率一般不受日粮中钠源的影响。本研究数据表明，在添加植酸酶的肉鸡日粮中，碳酸氢钠可以替代部分氯化钠，且不会对生产性能产生任何负面影响，而 2000 FTU 植酸酶水平可提高 BWG 和采食量，以及提高养分和能量利用率。
