Mayer Alexander, Steinle Dominik, Passerini Stefano, Bresser Dominic
Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstrasse 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany.
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), PO Box 3640, D-76021 Karlsruhe, Germany.
Nanotechnology. 2021 Nov 15;33(6). doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac2e21.
Solid-state batteries are considered the next big step towards the realization of intrinsically safer high-energy lithium batteries for the steadily increasing implementation of this technology in electronic devices and particularly, electric vehicles. However, so far only electrolytes based on poly(ethylene oxide) have been successfully commercialized despite their limited stability towards oxidation and low ionic conductivity at room temperature. Block copolymer (BCP) electrolytes are believed to provide significant advantages thanks to their tailorable properties. Thus, research activities in this field have been continuously expanding in recent years with great progress to enhance their performance and deepen the understanding towards the interplay between their chemistry, structure, electrochemical properties, and charge transport mechanism. Herein, we review this progress with a specific focus on the block-copolymer nanostructure and ionic conductivity, the latest works, as well as the early studies that are fr"equently overlooked by researchers newly entering this field. Moreover, we discuss the impact of adding a lithium salt in comparison to single-ion conducting BCP electrolytes along with the encouraging features of these materials and the remaining challenges that are yet to be solved.
固态电池被认为是朝着实现本质上更安全的高能锂电池迈出的重要一步，因为这项技术在电子设备，特别是电动汽车中的应用正在稳步增加。然而，到目前为止，尽管基于聚环氧乙烷的电解质在室温下对氧化的稳定性有限且离子电导率较低，但只有它们成功实现了商业化。嵌段共聚物（BCP）电解质因其可定制的性能而被认为具有显著优势。因此，近年来该领域的研究活动不断扩展，在提高其性能以及加深对其化学、结构、电化学性质和电荷传输机制之间相互作用的理解方面取得了巨大进展。在此，我们回顾这一进展，特别关注嵌段共聚物纳米结构和离子电导率、最新研究成果，以及刚进入该领域的研究人员经常忽略的早期研究。此外，我们还讨论了与单离子导电BCP电解质相比添加锂盐的影响，以及这些材料令人鼓舞的特性和尚未解决的剩余挑战。
