Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Centre for Youth Mental Health (Orygen), University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Chemosphere. 2022 Feb;288(Pt 1):132339. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132339. Epub 2021 Sep 23.
Little is known about the long-term health effects of coalmine fire smoke exposure. The 2014 Hazelwood coalmine fire event in southeast Australia released smoke into surrounding areas for 6 weeks.
We aimed to investigate whether individual-level exposure to coalmine fire-related PM was associated with a long-term increase in ambulance attendances following a coalmine fire event.
A total of 2223 residents from the most exposed town of Morwell were assessed for ambulance attendances after the Hazelwood event from April 1, 2014 to December 31, 2017. PM exposure was estimated for each individual using participant self-reported location diary data during the event and modelled PM concentrations. Recurrent event survival analysis was used to evaluate the relationship between PM exposure and ambulance attendances.
For each 10 μg/m increase in mean coalmine fire-related PM exposure, there was a 10% (adjusted hazard ratio [HR]:1.10, 95%CI:1.03-1.17) increase in the overall risk of ambulance attendances within 3.5 years after the coalmine fire. Exposure to PM was also associated with increased risk of respiratory (HR: 1.21, 95%CI: 1.02-1.44) and cardiovascular (HR: 1.13, 95%CI: 1.01-1.28) related ambulance attendances.
These results demonstrate that exposure to coalmine fire smoke during the Hazelwood event was associated with a long-term health risk post the fire event, specifically for respiratory and cardiovascular conditions. These findings are important for effective implementation of health care services following future extended coalmine fire PM events.
关于煤矿火灾烟雾暴露的长期健康影响知之甚少。2014 年澳大利亚东南部的黑泽伍德煤矿火灾事件释放的烟雾在周围地区持续了 6 周。
我们旨在调查个体层面暴露于与煤矿火灾相关的 PM 与煤矿火灾事件后长期增加救护车就诊是否相关。
在黑泽伍德事件发生后，对来自受影响最严重的莫尔韦尔镇的 2223 名居民进行了评估，以了解他们在 2014 年 4 月 1 日至 2017 年 12 月 31 日期间的救护车就诊情况。使用参与者在事件期间的自我报告位置日记数据和模型化的 PM 浓度，为每个个体估算 PM 暴露量。采用复发性事件生存分析评估 PM 暴露与救护车就诊之间的关系。
在煤矿火灾相关 PM 暴露的平均每增加 10μg/m，煤矿火灾后 3.5 年内整体救护车就诊风险增加 10%（调整后的危险比 [HR]：1.10，95%CI：1.03-1.17）。暴露于 PM 还与呼吸系统（HR：1.21，95%CI：1.02-1.44）和心血管系统（HR：1.13，95%CI：1.01-1.28）相关的救护车就诊风险增加相关。
这些结果表明，在黑泽伍德事件期间暴露于煤矿火灾烟雾与火灾事件后长期的健康风险相关，特别是与呼吸系统和心血管系统相关。这些发现对于未来延长的煤矿火灾 PM 事件后有效实施医疗保健服务非常重要。
