Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dr. Ignacio Morones Prieto O 3000, Nuevo León, 64710, Monterrey, México.
World J Surg. 2022 Jan;46(1):154-162. doi: 10.1007/s00268-021-06325-8. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
Esophageal duplication cysts are a rare congenital cystic malformation from faulty intrauterine recanalization of the esophagus during the 4-8 weeks of development. They account for 20% of all gastrointestinal duplication cysts and commonly involve the distal esophagus. Presenting symptoms may be related to size and location.
Following the PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was performed by searching published literature in various databases. Data from 97 reported case reports were pooled to present a descriptive and statistical analysis.
Patient population was composed of 51(52.5%) males and 46 (47.5%) females, and mean ages was 42.3 years (18-77). Distal cysts were the most prevalent. Seventy-nine (81.4%) patients were symptomatic; common symptoms included dysphagia, chest pain, cough and weight loss. Fifteen (15.5%) patients were treated conservatively and 75 (84.5%) by surgical treatment, among them thoracotomy in 30 (30.9%) patients and VATS in 17 (17.5%) patients. Mean length of hospital stay was 8.6 days (range: 1-26 days). One fatality was registered. Location, unlike size, was not found to influence presenting symptoms or treatment employed. Frequency of conservative treatment was not significantly different between symptomatic and asymptomatic patients. Open approaches were associated with longer stays than their minimally invasive counterparts.
Esophageal duplication cysts remain rare in adults and are frequently located in the distal esophagus. Larger cysts are more likely to cause symptoms. Various surgical techniques may successfully be employed in the treatment of this pathology. Minimally invasive procedures have a shorter hospital stay.
食管重复囊肿是一种罕见的先天性囊肿畸形，是在胚胎发育的第 4-8 周食管重新通畅过程中发生的。它们占所有胃肠道重复囊肿的 20%，常累及食管远端。临床表现与囊肿的大小和位置有关。
根据 PRISMA 指南，对各个数据库中已发表的文献进行系统回顾。汇总了 97 例报道的病例报告中的数据，以进行描述性和统计学分析。
患者人群由 51 名（52.5%）男性和 46 名（47.5%）女性组成，平均年龄为 42.3 岁（18-77 岁）。远端囊肿最为常见。79 例（81.4%）患者有症状；常见症状包括吞咽困难、胸痛、咳嗽和体重减轻。15 例（15.5%）患者接受保守治疗，75 例（84.5%）接受手术治疗，其中 30 例（30.9%）采用开胸手术，17 例（17.5%）采用 VATS 手术。平均住院时间为 8.6 天（范围：1-26 天）。有 1 例死亡。位置与大小不同，与临床表现或治疗方式无关。症状性和无症状性患者的保守治疗频率无显著差异。开放手术的住院时间长于微创手术。
成人食管重复囊肿仍较为罕见，常位于食管远端。较大的囊肿更可能引起症状。各种手术技术均可成功用于治疗该疾病。微创手术的住院时间更短。
