Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, No. 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmen, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100069, China.
Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Feb;29(10):15117-15126. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-16536-0. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
An increasing number of studies examined the potential effects of PM (submicronic particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤ 1 μm) on the risk of respiratory diseases; however, the results have been inconclusive. This study aimed to determine the overall association between PM with total and cause-specific respiratory diseases. A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted with 68 related articles retrieved, and six articles met the full inclusion criteria for the final analysis. For a 10 μg/m increase in PM, the pooled odds ratio (OR) was 1.05 (95% CI 0.98-1.12) for total respiratory diseases, 1.25 (95% CI 1.00-1.56) for asthma, and 1.07 (95% CI 1.04-1.10) for pneumonia with the I value of 87%, 70%, and 0%, respectively. Subgroup analyses showed that long-term exposure to PM was associated with increased risk of asthma (OR 1.47, 95% CI 1.33-1.63) with an I value of 0%, while short-term exposure to PM was not associated with asthma (OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.89-1.27) with the I value of 0%. Egger's test showed that publication bias existed (P = 0.041); however, the funnel plot was symmetrical with the inclusion of the moderator. In conclusion, elevated levels of PM may increase morbidity in total and cause-specific respiratory diseases in the population.
越来越多的研究探讨了 PM（空气动力学直径≤1μm 的亚微米颗粒物质）对呼吸道疾病风险的潜在影响；然而，结果尚无定论。本研究旨在确定 PM 与总呼吸道疾病和特定病因呼吸道疾病之间的总体关联。通过系统综述和荟萃分析，共检索到 68 篇相关文章，其中 6 篇文章符合最终分析的全部纳入标准。对于 PM 增加 10μg/m，总呼吸道疾病的合并优势比（OR）为 1.05（95%CI 0.98-1.12），哮喘为 1.25（95%CI 1.00-1.56），肺炎为 1.07（95%CI 1.04-1.10），I 值分别为 87%、70%和 0%。亚组分析表明，长期暴露于 PM 与哮喘风险增加相关（OR 1.47，95%CI 1.33-1.63），I 值为 0%，而短期暴露于 PM 与哮喘无关（OR 1.07，95%CI 0.89-1.27），I 值为 0%。Egger 检验表明存在发表偏倚（P = 0.041）；然而，包含调节因素后漏斗图是对称的。总之，PM 水平升高可能会增加人群中总呼吸道疾病和特定病因呼吸道疾病的发病率。
