Alizada Mujahid, Lin Shu, Gao Hongzhi
Centre of Neurological and Metabolic Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, Fujian Province, China.
Folia Neuropathol. 2021;59(3):298-316. doi: 10.5114/fn.2021.108536.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a global health issue which causes millions of deaths and disabilities every year. The survivors of TBI may suffer from sensorimotor dysfunction, memory and cognitive disturbances, hearing and vision deficits, and various psychological problems. The primary insult may damage neurons, cerebral vessels and the blood-brain barrier, causing reactive astrogliosis and immune response with further damaging consequences. TBI lacks effective therapy. The currently available clinical treatment options include hyperbaric oxygenation, brain stimulation and rehabilitation. In recent years, the research on stem cell treatment of TBI has received extensive attention. Various types of stem cells, such as four types of mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells and olfactory ensheathing cells have been tried to treat TBI in clinical trials and preclinical models. This article reviews the research of autologous and non-autologous multipotent stem and progenitor cells for the treatment of TBI in both clinical and preclinical settings.
创伤性脑损伤（TBI）是一个全球性的健康问题，每年导致数百万人死亡和残疾。TBI幸存者可能会出现感觉运动功能障碍、记忆和认知障碍、听力和视力缺陷以及各种心理问题。原发性损伤可能会损害神经元、脑血管和血脑屏障，引发反应性星形胶质细胞增生和免疫反应，从而产生进一步的损害后果。TBI缺乏有效的治疗方法。目前可用的临床治疗选择包括高压氧治疗、脑刺激和康复治疗。近年来，干细胞治疗TBI的研究受到了广泛关注。在临床试验和临床前模型中，已经尝试使用各种类型的干细胞，如四种间充质干细胞、神经干细胞和嗅鞘细胞来治疗TBI。本文综述了自体和非自体多能干细胞及祖细胞在临床和临床前环境中治疗TBI的研究。
