德国新冠疫情期间的老龄化：心理社会适应的纵向分析

Aging during COVID-19 in Germany: a longitudinal analysis of psychosocial adaptation.

作者信息

Schlomann Anna, Bünning Mareike, Hipp Lena, Wahl Hans-Werner

机构信息

Network Aging Research, Heidelberg University, Bergheimer Straße 20, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany.

Institute for Educational Sciences, Heidelberg University of Education, Heidelberg, Germany.

出版信息

Eur J Ageing. 2021 Oct 1;19(4):1077-1086. doi: 10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1. eCollection 2022 Dec.

DOI:10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1

PMID:34630003

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8485773/

Abstract

UNLABELLED

Existing theories of aging suggest that there may be similarities and differences in how COVID-19 impacts older people's psychosocial adaptation compared to younger age groups, particularly middle-aged individuals. To assess the degree to which these impacts vary, we analyzed data from 3098 participants between the ages of 40 and 79 from an online survey in Germany. Data were collected at three measurement occasions between the start of the nationwide lockdown in mid-March 2020 and the end of the lockdown in early August 2020. The survey focused on everyday experiences during the COVID-19 crisis and collected various satisfaction ratings (e.g., general life satisfaction, satisfaction with family life, satisfaction with social contacts). At baseline, participants also provided retrospective ratings of satisfaction for the period before the COVID-19 crisis. In our analyses, we compared satisfaction ratings of middle-aged (40-64 years) and older individuals (65-79 years) and found that both middle-aged and older participants experienced the greatest decreases in satisfaction with social contacts, with more pronounced decreases seen in middle-aged participants. A similar pattern was observed for general life satisfaction, but the overall decreases were less pronounced in both groups compared to the decreases in satisfaction with social contacts. We also observed a partial recovery effect in all measures at the last measurement occasion, and this effect was more pronounced in older adults. Findings were also confirmed using age as a continuous variable and checking for linear and nonlinear effects of outcomes across the age range. Although ageism arose during the pandemic in the sense that older adults were labeled as a "risk group," particularly at the start of the outbreak, we found consistently with other studies that middle-aged adults' satisfaction decreased to a greater extent than that of older adults.

SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10433-021-00655-1.

摘要

未标注

现有的衰老理论表明，与年轻人群体（尤其是中年个体）相比，新冠病毒对老年人心理社会适应的影响可能既有相似之处，也有不同之处。为了评估这些影响的差异程度，我们分析了来自德国一项在线调查的3098名年龄在40至79岁之间参与者的数据。数据是在2020年3月中旬全国封锁开始至2020年8月初封锁结束期间的三个测量时点收集的。该调查聚焦于新冠疫情危机期间的日常经历，并收集了各种满意度评分（例如，总体生活满意度、家庭生活满意度、社交满意度）。在基线时，参与者还对新冠疫情危机之前的时期提供了回顾性满意度评分。在我们的分析中，我们比较了中年（40 - 64岁）和老年个体（65 - 79岁）的满意度评分，发现中年和老年参与者的社交满意度下降幅度最大，中年参与者的下降更为明显。总体生活满意度也观察到类似模式，但与社交满意度的下降相比，两组的总体下降幅度较小。我们还在最后一个测量时点观察到所有指标都有部分恢复效应，且这种效应在老年人中更为明显。使用年龄作为连续变量并检查整个年龄范围内结果的线性和非线性效应，研究结果也得到了证实。尽管在疫情期间出现了年龄歧视，即老年人被贴上了“风险群体”的标签，尤其是在疫情爆发初期，但我们与其他研究一致发现，中年成年人的满意度下降幅度比老年人更大。