训练与停训对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者身体素质各组成部分的影响。
Effect of Training and Detraining in the Components of Physical Fitness in People Living With HIV/AIDS.
作者信息
Araujo Juliany de Souza, de Medeiros Rafaela Catherine da Silva Cunha, da Silva Tatiane Andreza Lima, de Medeiros Danielle Coutinho, de Medeiros Jason Azevedo, Dos Santos Isis Kelly, Wilde Phelipe, Cabral Breno Guilherme de Araújo Tinoco, Medeiros Radamés Maciel Vitor, Dantas Paulo Moreira Silva
机构信息
Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Health Sciences Center, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
出版信息
Front Physiol. 2021 Sep 22;12:586753. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.586753. eCollection 2021.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of training and detraining on the physical fitness components of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHA). The study was characterized as experimental with a sample composed of 21 people divided into two groups: 11 volunteers (PLHA, 46.9 ± 8.0 years, 63.8 ± 12.7 kg, 161.7 ± 8.7 cm, 7 men, and 4 women), using antiretroviral therapy (ART) and 10 people without HIV/AIDS in the control group (CG, 43.8 ± 13.8 years, 75.2 ± 11.2 kg, 163.3 ± 7.8 cm, 3 men, and 7 women), with the same average age and level of physical activity. The intervention, applied to both groups, consisted of combined training for 15 weeks, followed by detraining for 5 weeks. Before and after the training and detraining period the following parameters were evaluated: body composition by dual energy radiological absorptiometry (DXA), cardiorespiratory fitness by ergospirometer, and strength of upper and lower limbs by isometric dynamometer. The results show the effect of the intervention moments on the strength and oxygen consumption variables (time factor), considering the two study groups. Regarding the analysis of the interaction (group vs. time), there was a significant effect on the isometric extension strength of the left ( = 0.019) and right ( = 0.030) knees, with training (left: 10.4%; right: 12.4%) and detraining (left: -10.8%; right: -12.1%) effect in PLHA, when compared with the control group (left: 8.1 and 3.9%, respectively; right: 11.5 and -0.2%, respectively). In addition, there was a significant interaction on ventilatory threshold 1 ( = 0.002), indicating a significantly greater increase with training (27.3%) and decrease with detraining (-22.7%) in the PLHA group compared with the Control group (19.9 and -6.7%, respectively). In conclusion, combined training and the subsequent period of detraining caused similar responses in body composition, isometric strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness of PLHA and CG, except for the extensor strength of the lower limbs and ventilatory threshold 1, which presented positive effects on training and negative effects on detraining for PLHA. www.ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier NCT03075332.
本研究的目的是评估训练和停训对艾滋病毒/艾滋病感染者（PLHA）身体素质成分的影响。该研究为实验性研究，样本由21人组成，分为两组：11名志愿者（PLHA，年龄46.9±8.0岁，体重63.8±12.7千克，身高161.7±8.7厘米，7名男性，4名女性），正在接受抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）；以及10名未感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的对照组（CG）人员（年龄43.8±13.8岁，体重75.2±11.2千克，身高163.3±7.8厘米，3名男性，7名女性），两组平均年龄和身体活动水平相同。对两组均实施的干预措施包括为期15周的联合训练，随后是为期5周的停训。在训练和停训期前后，评估了以下参数：通过双能X线吸收法（DXA）测定身体成分，通过肺功能仪测定心肺适能，通过等长测力计测定上下肢力量。结果显示，考虑到两个研究组，干预阶段对力量和耗氧量变量（时间因素）有影响。关于交互作用分析（组间×时间），左膝（P = 0.019）和右膝（P = 0.030）的等长伸展力量有显著影响，与对照组相比，PLHA组在训练时（左：10.4%；右：12.4%）和停训时（左：-10.8%；右：-12.1%）有效果，而对照组左膝和右膝分别为8.1%和3.9%，以及11.5%和-0.2%。此外，在通气阈值1方面存在显著交互作用（P = 0.002），表明与对照组（分别为19.9%和-6.7%）相比，PLHA组在训练时显著增加（27.3%），在停训时显著下降（-22.7%）。总之，联合训练及随后的停训期对PLHA组和CG组的身体成分、等长力量和心肺适能产生了相似的反应，但下肢伸肌力量和通气阈值1除外，这两项指标对PLHA组的训练有积极影响，对停训有消极影响。ClinicalTrials.gov，标识符NCT03075332。
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