Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
J Diabetes Res. 2021 Oct 1;2021:4461311. doi: 10.1155/2021/4461311. eCollection 2021.
Vascular calcification is the transformation of arterial wall mesenchymal cells, particularly smooth muscle cells (SMCs), into osteoblast phenotypes by various pathological factors. Additionally, vascular transformation mediates the abnormal deposition of calcium salts in the vascular wall, such as intimal and media calcification. Various pathological types have been described, such as calcification and valve calcification. The incidence of vascular calcification in patients with diabetes is much higher than that in nondiabetic patients, representing a critical cause of cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes. Because basic research on the clinical transformation of vascular calcification has yet to be conducted, this study systematically expounds on the risk factors for vascular calcification, vascular bed differences, sex differences, ethnic differences, diagnosis, severity assessments, and treatments to facilitate the identification of a new entry point for basic research and subsequent clinical transformation regarding vascular calcification and corresponding clinical evaluation strategies.
血管钙化是动脉壁间充质细胞，特别是平滑肌细胞（SMCs），在各种病理因素作用下向成骨细胞表型转化的过程。此外，血管转化介导了血管壁中钙盐的异常沉积，如内膜和中膜钙化。已经描述了各种病理类型，如钙化和瓣膜钙化。糖尿病患者的血管钙化发生率明显高于非糖尿病患者，是糖尿病患者心血管事件的重要原因。由于血管钙化的临床转化的基础研究尚未开展，本研究系统阐述了血管钙化的危险因素、血管床差异、性别差异、种族差异、诊断、严重程度评估和治疗，为血管钙化的基础研究和随后的临床转化以及相应的临床评估策略确定了新的切入点。
