Haikel Y, Voegel J C, Frank R M
Arch Oral Biol. 1986;31(5):279-86. doi: 10.1016/0003-9969(86)90041-5.
The fluoride contents of drinking water, dust, soil, straw, raw barley (ears and stems) and barley grains in Khouribga were compared with those from Beni-Mellal, 90 km east of Khouribga where no fluorosis occurs. Identical fluoride levels were found in water samples from both areas, whereas high amounts of F- were in soil, dust, dried straw and dried barley grown in Khouribga. Equilibrated with water, large phosphate rock particles, probably of francolite, and smaller phosphate particles of clay-contaminated francolite, randomly collected in the factories of Khouribga never contained more than 1.2 parts/10(6) F-. Unwashed samples of straw and whole barley had a higher F- content than washed samples. The marked fluorosis in herbivores of the Khouribga area comes more from the ingestion of dust-contaminated food (unwashed straw and unwashed raw barley) with a high fluoride content than from inhalation of fluoride-containing dust. By contrast, the endemic human fluorosis in the same region is mostly due to inhalation of fluoride-containing phosphate dust, and not to fluoride in the drinking water and only exceptionally to fluoride deposited during storage onto cereals, because grains grown in Khouribga have a low fluoride content.
将胡里卜盖地区的饮用水、灰尘、土壤、秸秆、生大麦（穗和茎）及大麦籽粒中的氟含量，与位于胡里卜盖以东90公里处的贝尼-迈勒地区（该地区无氟中毒现象）的进行了比较。两个地区的水样中氟含量相同，而胡里卜盖地区种植的土壤、灰尘、干秸秆和干大麦中氟含量较高。在胡里卜盖工厂随机采集的大颗粒磷灰石（可能是碳氟磷灰石）和受粘土污染的碳氟磷灰石小颗粒，与水达到平衡后，氟含量从未超过1.2 ppm。未清洗的秸秆和整粒大麦样本的氟含量高于清洗后的样本。胡里卜盖地区食草动物明显的氟中毒，更多是由于摄入了氟含量高的受灰尘污染的食物（未清洗的秸秆和未清洗的生大麦），而非吸入含氟灰尘。相比之下，同一地区的地方性人类氟中毒主要是由于吸入含氟磷灰石粉尘，而非饮用水中的氟，只有在极少数情况下是由于谷物储存过程中沉积的氟，因为胡里卜盖地区种植的谷物氟含量较低。
