Graduate Program in Physical Exercise and Sport Sciences, Institute of Physical Education and Sports, Rio de Janeiro State University, Brazil.
Percept Mot Skills. 2021 Dec;128(6):2544-2560. doi: 10.1177/00315125211050631. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
In this study, we investigated the relationship between motor competence (MC) and behavioral and health outcomes in youth through its relationship to physical activity (PA) and body composition (in terms of body fat). To date, it is unclear whether these variables reciprocally influence each other over time. We assessed whether and how MC, PA and body composition influence each other across adolescence. In a longitudinal study with 14 months of follow-up, we recruited 166 adolescents aged 12-13 years. We recorded participants' self-reported PA and body fat percentage and assessed their MC using the Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder (KTK). We used linear mixed models and mediation analyses with crude and adjusted (age, sex, time point) models to examine associations among the selected variables across time. MC showed a bidirectional relationship with both PA ( < .001) and body fat ( < .001) in both crude and adjusted models. In addition, MC was a potential mediator (Sobel test = -3.18, < .001) in the relation between body fat (as predictor) and PA (as outcome) in crude models, but no mediating effect was found in adjusted models. Thus, this study provided longitudinal evidence that MC and PA, as well as MC and body composition, can reciprocally influence each other across adolescence. We recommend the development of MC as a crucial strategy to increase PA engagement and to prevent obesity in youth.
在这项研究中，我们通过与身体活动（PA）和身体成分（体脂百分比）的关系，研究了运动能力（MC）与青少年行为和健康结果之间的关系。迄今为止，尚不清楚这些变量是否会随着时间的推移相互反向影响。我们评估了 MC、PA 和身体成分是否以及如何在青少年时期相互影响。在一项为期 14 个月的纵向研究中，我们招募了 166 名 12-13 岁的青少年。我们记录了参与者的自我报告的 PA 和体脂百分比，并使用 Körperkoordinationstest für Kinder（KTK）评估了他们的 MC。我们使用线性混合模型和中介分析，对选定变量在时间上的关联进行了粗模型和调整（年龄、性别、时间点）模型的分析。在粗模型和调整模型中，MC 与 PA（ < .001）和体脂（ < .001）均呈双向关系。此外，在粗模型中，MC 是体脂（作为预测因素）与 PA（作为结果）之间关系的潜在中介（Sobel 检验 = -3.18， < .001），但在调整模型中未发现中介效应。因此，这项研究提供了纵向证据，表明 MC 和 PA 以及 MC 和身体成分可以在青少年时期相互影响。我们建议将 MC 作为一项关键策略来提高 PA 参与度并预防青少年肥胖。
