Dhungana Singha R, Braun David M
Divisions of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.
Divisions of Biological Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA; Plant Science and Technology, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, and Missouri Maize Center, University of Missouri-Columbia, USA.
J Plant Physiol. 2021 Nov;266:153541. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153541. Epub 2021 Oct 2.
Carbohydrate partitioning, the process of transporting carbohydrates from photosynthetic (source) tissues, such as leaves, to non-photosynthetic (sink) tissues, such as stems, roots, and reproductive structures, is vital not only for the growth and development of plants but also for withstanding biotic and abiotic stress. In many plants, sucrose is the primary form of carbohydrate loaded into the phloem for long-distance transport and unloaded into the sink tissues for utilization or storage. We highlight recent findings about 1) phloem loading in grasses, 2) the principal families of sugar transporters involved in sucrose transport, and 3) novel mechanisms by which the activities of sugar transporters are modulated. We discuss exciting discoveries from eudicot species that provide valuable insights regarding the regulation of these sugar transporters, which may be translatable to monocot species. As we better understand the intricate pathways that control the activities of various sugar transporters, we can utilize this knowledge for developing improved crop varieties.
碳水化合物分配是指将碳水化合物从光合（源）组织（如叶片）运输到非光合（库）组织（如茎、根和生殖结构）的过程，这不仅对植物的生长和发育至关重要，而且对抵御生物和非生物胁迫也至关重要。在许多植物中，蔗糖是装载到韧皮部进行长距离运输并卸载到库组织中以供利用或储存的主要碳水化合物形式。我们重点介绍了关于以下方面的最新研究结果：1）禾本科植物的韧皮部装载；2）参与蔗糖运输的主要糖转运蛋白家族；3）调节糖转运蛋白活性的新机制。我们讨论了来自双子叶植物物种的令人兴奋的发现，这些发现为这些糖转运蛋白的调控提供了有价值的见解，这些见解可能适用于单子叶植物物种。随着我们更好地理解控制各种糖转运蛋白活性的复杂途径，我们可以利用这些知识来培育改良的作物品种。
