津巴布韦奇雷济区 HIV 阳性青少年的亲密关系体验、污名、社会支持和治疗依从性。
Experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe.
机构信息
Psychology, School of Applied Social Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
Health Economics and HIV and AIDS Research Division, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa.
出版信息
Afr J AIDS Res. 2021 Oct;20(3):214-223. doi: 10.2989/16085906.2021.1979059.
This study explored experiences of intimate relationships, stigma, social support and treatment adherence among HIV-positive adolescents in Chiredzi district, Zimbabwe. The study adopted an interpretive qualitative methodology to explore the intricacies of living with HIV as an adolescent. Thirty ( = 30) adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years participated in this study. They were recruited while attending social support or during their routine visits to collect antiretrovirals. In-depth interviews were conducted to generate data. Adolescents were asked about their romantic lives and the difficulties they faced while living with HIV. Findings revealed that adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) are confronted with stigma and discrimination. They also grapple with emotional issues such as dealing with disclosure. However, social support minimises the risk of harbouring suicidal thoughts. To the various challenges ALHIV face, most of them (particularly males) adopt several coping mechanisms. These include (but are not limited to) non-disclosure of their seropositive status to sexual partners, thereby risking reinfection and exposing their partners to HIV. Non-disclosure of seropositive status contributed to either poor antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence or defaulting on HIV medication. A life-cycle approach to HIV prevention and management is crucial to mitigating the challenges faced by ALHIV because risks of HIV infection, challenges of access to HIV services and solutions to these challenges change at different stages of someone's life. This scenario justifies the necessity of a holistic bio-psychosocial approach to managing HIV among adolescents, not only limited to the client, but also involving appropriate education programmes for the broader community.
本研究探讨了津巴布韦奇雷济区 HIV 阳性青少年的亲密关系、污名、社会支持和治疗依从性体验。该研究采用解释性定性方法,深入探讨了青少年感染 HIV 后的复杂生活。30 名年龄在 13 至 19 岁之间的青少年参与了这项研究。他们是在参加社会支持活动或常规就诊取抗逆转录病毒药物时被招募的。采用深入访谈来收集数据。研究对象被问及他们的恋爱生活以及感染 HIV 后的困难。研究结果显示,感染 HIV 的青少年(ALHIV)面临着污名和歧视。他们还在情感方面挣扎,如披露问题。然而,社会支持减少了产生自杀想法的风险。针对 ALHIV 面临的各种挑战,他们中的大多数人(尤其是男性)采用了几种应对机制。这些包括(但不限于)向性伴侣隐瞒其血清阳性状况,从而有再次感染和使伴侣暴露于 HIV 的风险。隐瞒血清阳性状况导致抗逆转录病毒治疗(ART)依从性差或 HIV 药物治疗中断。对 HIV 进行预防和管理的生命周期方法对于减轻 ALHIV 面临的挑战至关重要,因为 HIV 感染的风险、获得 HIV 服务的挑战以及解决这些挑战的方法在一个人的生命的不同阶段都会发生变化。这种情况证明了在管理青少年 HIV 时采用整体生物心理社会方法的必要性,不仅限于患者,还包括为更广泛的社区提供适当的教育方案。