Kutlu Tuncer, Özkan Hüseyin, Güvenç Mehmet
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Hatay, Turkey.
J Food Biochem. 2021 Nov;45(11):e13965. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13965. Epub 2021 Oct 11.
Liver fibrosis, which still does not have a standard treatment due to its complex pathogenesis, is an important cause of mortality and morbidity. In this study, it was aimed to examine the possible protective and antifibrotic effects of tyrosol on the liver through histopathologic, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular methods in rats with chronic liver damage induced by thioacetamide (TAA). The study was carried out in four groups with eight rats in each group. Created groups are, respectively, control, TAA, tyrosol and TAA +tyrosol. Chronic liver damage was induced in the TAA and TAA +tyrosol groups by the addition of TAA (200 mg/L) to drinking water. Tyrosol (20 mg/kg/b.w./daily) was administered by oral gavage to tyrosol and TAA +tyrosol groups for 10 weeks. The results of this study demonstrate that the consumption of tyrosol alleviated the histopathologic changes such as inflammation, degeneration, and especially fibrosis induced by TAA in the liver. In addition, administration of tyrosol significantly attenuated alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression and apoptosis expression. Biochemically, it was determined that tyrosol increased glutathione (GSH) level, glutathione peroxidase (GSH.Px), and catalase (CAT) activities and showed antioxidant efficacy by reducing malondialdehyde (MDA) level. Moreover, it reduced inflammation and fibrosis by decreasing gene expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1). Western blot analysis also revealed similar results in TGF-β1 expression. As a result, tyrosol suppressed fibrogenesis thanks to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and showed an antifibrotic effect in the liver. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: It is stated that tyrosol, a natural phenolic antioxidant found in olive oil, has neuroprotective, cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer properties. In this study, tyrosol suppressed fibrogenesis thanks to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects and showed an antifibrotic effect in the liver. Olive oil has an important place in the Mediterranean diet, which reduces the incidence of chronic diseases. It is thought that the anti-fibrotic effect of tyrosol plays a role in this feature. As a result, it is thought that tyrosol can be used to prevent or slow down chronic liver diseases.
肝纤维化因其发病机制复杂，目前仍没有标准的治疗方法，是导致死亡和发病的重要原因。本研究旨在通过组织病理学、免疫组织化学、生物化学和分子生物学方法，研究酪醇对硫代乙酰胺（TAA）诱导的慢性肝损伤大鼠肝脏的可能保护和抗纤维化作用。本研究分为四组，每组八只大鼠。分组分别为对照组、TAA组、酪醇组和TAA +酪醇组。通过在饮用水中添加TAA（200mg/L）诱导TAA组和TAA +酪醇组产生慢性肝损伤。酪醇组和TAA +酪醇组通过口服灌胃给予酪醇（20mg/kg体重/每日），持续10周。本研究结果表明，食用酪醇可减轻肝脏中由TAA诱导的组织病理学变化，如炎症、变性，尤其是纤维化。此外，给予酪醇可显著减弱α-平滑肌肌动蛋白（α-SMA）表达和凋亡表达。在生物化学方面，确定酪醇可提高谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH.Px）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性，并通过降低丙二醛（MDA）水平显示出抗氧化功效。此外，它通过降低肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和转化生长因子-β（TGF-β1）的基因表达水平来减轻炎症和纤维化。蛋白质免疫印迹分析在TGF-β1表达方面也得出了类似结果。结果表明，酪醇因其抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡作用抑制了纤维生成，并在肝脏中显示出抗纤维化作用。实际应用：据报道，橄榄油中发现的天然酚类抗氧化剂酪醇具有神经保护、心脏保护、抗炎和抗癌特性。在本研究中，酪醇因其抗氧化、抗炎和抗凋亡作用抑制了纤维生成，并在肝脏中显示出抗纤维化作用。橄榄油在地中海饮食中占有重要地位，地中海饮食可降低慢性病的发病率。据认为，酪醇的抗纤维化作用在这一特性中发挥了作用。因此，据认为酪醇可用于预防或减缓慢性肝病。
