Department of Cardiology, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
Department of Cardiology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China.
Curr Opin Cardiol. 2022 Jan 1;37(1):15-21. doi: 10.1097/HCO.0000000000000939.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is one of the leading causes of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in younger people and athletes. It is crucial to identify the risk factors for SCD in individuals with HCM. This review, based on recent systematic literature studies, will focus on the risk factors for SCD in patients with HCM.
An increasing number of studies have further explored the risk factors for SCD in patients with HCM, and new risk markers have emerged accordingly. In addition, more accurate SCD risk estimation and stratification methods have been proposed and continuously improved.
The identification of independent risk factors for HCM-related SCD would likely contribute to risk stratification. However, it is difficult to predict SCD with absolute certainty, as the annual incidence of SCD in adult patients with HCM is approximately 1%. The review discusses the established risk factors, such as a family history of SCD, unexplained syncope and some new risk factors. Taken together, the findings of this review demonstrate that there is a need for further research on individual risk factors and that SCD risk stratification in HCM patients remains a clinical challenge.
肥厚型心肌病（HCM）是年轻人和运动员心源性猝死（SCD）的主要原因之一。确定 HCM 患者发生 SCD 的危险因素至关重要。本综述基于最近的系统文献研究，将重点关注 HCM 患者发生 SCD 的危险因素。
越来越多的研究进一步探讨了 HCM 患者发生 SCD 的危险因素，相应出现了新的危险标志物。此外，提出了并不断改进更准确的 SCD 风险评估和分层方法。
识别与 HCM 相关 SCD 的独立危险因素可能有助于进行风险分层。然而，由于 HCM 成年患者的 SCD 年发生率约为 1%，因此很难对 SCD 进行绝对确定的预测。本综述讨论了已确立的危险因素，如 SCD 家族史、不明原因晕厥和一些新的危险因素。总之，本综述的研究结果表明，需要进一步研究个体危险因素，HCM 患者的 SCD 风险分层仍然是一个临床挑战。
