Kufel Anna, Para Slawomir, Kuciel Stanisław
Faculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Institute of Materials Engineering, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Institute of Automotive Engineering and Internal Combustion Engines, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Cracow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Sep 25;14(19):5574. doi: 10.3390/ma14195574.
Basalt/glass fiber polypropylene hybrid composites were developed as subjects of investigation, with the aim to characterize their properties. An injection molding machine was used to produce the test samples. The following three different tests, at various specimen temperatures, were conducted: tensile test, three-point flexural test, and Charpy impact test. To determine fatigue behavior, the samples were uniaxially loaded and unloaded. Mechanical hysteresis loops were recorded and the dissipation energy of each loop was calculated. To determine the adhesion and dispersion between the fibers and the matrix, the fractured surfaces of the various specimens, after the tensile test, were investigated using a scanning electron microscope. The results show that the production of a composite with both basalt and glass fibers, in a polypropylene matrix with maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene, can be successfully achieved. The addition of the two types of fibers increased the tensile strength by 306% and the tensile modulus by 333% for a composition, with 20% by weight, of fibers. The material properties were estimated with the help of a simulation software, and validated with a FEA. A satisfactory correlation between the simulation and measurement data was achieved. The error lays in a range of 2% between the maximum stress values. At a lower strain (up to 0.02), the stress values are very well matched.
开发玄武岩/玻璃纤维聚丙烯混杂复合材料作为研究对象，目的是表征其性能。使用注塑机生产测试样品。在不同的试样温度下进行了以下三种不同的测试：拉伸试验、三点弯曲试验和夏比冲击试验。为了确定疲劳行为，对样品进行单轴加载和卸载。记录机械滞后回线并计算每个回线的耗散能量。为了确定纤维与基体之间的粘附和分散情况，在拉伸试验后，使用扫描电子显微镜对各种试样的断裂表面进行了研究。结果表明，在含有马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯的聚丙烯基体中，成功制备了同时含有玄武岩和玻璃纤维的复合材料。对于纤维含量为20%（重量）的组合物，两种纤维的添加使拉伸强度提高了306%，拉伸模量提高了333%。借助模拟软件估计材料性能，并通过有限元分析进行验证。模拟数据与测量数据之间实现了令人满意的相关性。最大应力值之间的误差在2%的范围内。在较低应变（高达0.02）下，应力值匹配得非常好。
