Gmitrowicz-Iwan Joanna, Myszura Magdalena, Olenderek Tomasz, Ligęza Sławomir, Olenderek Heronim
Institute of Soil Science, Environment Engineering and Management, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Leszczyńskiego St. 7, 20-069 Lublin, Poland.
Institute of Forest Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska St. 159, 02-776 Warszawa, Poland.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Sep 26;21(19):6421. doi: 10.3390/s21196421.
Recent years have brought dynamic developments in surveying equipment and techniques. These include reflectorless electromagnetic distance measurement (RL EDM), which is used in a range of devices, especially total stations. Studies concerning the influence of the reflecting surface on the accuracy of RL EDM tend to focus on the colour of the measurement surface, while the influence of the density and thickness of materials is usually neglected. Therefore, this study undertook to examine 53 samples representing various materials of dissimilar features: colour, type of surface and density. The results show that dark and mat surfaces cause higher RL EDM errors than bright, gloss materials. Nonetheless, 76% of the results were in compliance with equipment specifications. Moreover, it was found that the density of the samples had significant impact on the overall accuracy. RL EDM to EPS (expanded polystyrene sheets, low-density material, commonly called Styrofoam) involved a significantly higher error rate. It demonstrates that total station measurements and laser scanning should be performed cautiously, especially with regard to materials of low density (e.g., EPS) and on short distances, where the value of relative error is high.
近年来，测量设备和技术有了蓬勃发展。这些包括无反射镜电磁测距（RL EDM），它被应用于一系列设备中，尤其是全站仪。关于反射面对RL EDM精度影响的研究往往集中在测量表面的颜色上，而材料密度和厚度的影响通常被忽视。因此，本研究对53个代表不同特征材料（颜色、表面类型和密度）的样本进行了检验。结果表明，深色和哑光表面比明亮、有光泽的材料会导致更高的RL EDM误差。尽管如此，76%的结果符合设备规格。此外，还发现样本的密度对整体精度有显著影响。对EPS（发泡聚苯乙烯板，低密度材料，通常称为泡沫聚苯乙烯）进行RL EDM时，错误率明显更高。这表明全站仪测量和激光扫描应谨慎进行，尤其是对于低密度材料（如EPS）以及相对误差值较高的短距离测量。
