Department of Adapted Physical Education, National Taiwan Sport University, No. 250, Wen-Hwa 1st Road, Kwei-Shan, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei 112, Taiwan.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Sep 30;21(19):6576. doi: 10.3390/s21196576.
This study was the first to compare the differences in trunk/shoulder kinematics and impact vibration of the upper extremity during backhand strokes in wheelchair tennis players and the able-bodied players relative to standing and sitting positions, adopting an electromagnetic system along with wearable tri-axial accelerometers upon target body segments. A total of 15 wheelchair tennis players and 15 able-bodied tennis players enrolled. Compared to players in standing positions, wheelchair players demonstrated significant larger forward trunk rotation in the pre-preparation, acceleration, and deceleration phase. Significant higher trunk angular velocity/acceleration and shoulder flexion/internal rotation angular velocity/acceleration were also found. When able-bodied players changed from standing to sitting positions, significant changes were observed in the degree of forward rotation of the trunk and shoulder external rotation. These indicated that when the functions of the lower limbs and trunk are lacking or cannot be used effectively, "biomechanical solutions" such as considerable reinforcing movements need to be made before the hitting movement. The differences between wheelchair tennis players and able-bodied players in sitting positions could represent the progress made as the wheelchair players evolve from novices to experts. Knowledge about how sport biomechanics change regarding specific disabilities can facilitate safe and inclusive participation in disability sports such as wheelchair tennis.
本研究首次采用电磁系统和可穿戴三轴加速度计，比较了轮椅网球运动员和健全运动员在反手击球过程中躯干/肩部运动学以及上肢冲击振动在站位和坐姿下的差异。共有 15 名轮椅网球运动员和 15 名健全网球运动员参加。与站位运动员相比，轮椅运动员在准备前、加速和减速阶段的躯干前旋明显更大。还发现躯干角速度/加速度和肩部屈曲/内旋角速度/加速度显著更高。当健全运动员从站位变为坐姿时，躯干的前旋和肩部外旋的角度发生了显著变化。这表明，当下肢和躯干的功能缺失或无法有效使用时，在击球动作之前需要进行“生物力学解决方案”，如进行大量的强化运动。在坐姿下，轮椅网球运动员和健全运动员之间的差异可能代表了轮椅运动员从新手到专家的发展进步。了解运动生物力学在特定残疾方面的变化可以促进安全和包容的残疾运动参与，如轮椅网球。
