Vlaeyen Michiel, Haitjema Han, Dewulf Wim
Department of Mechanical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 300, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Oct 6;21(19):6638. doi: 10.3390/s21196638.
Digital twins of measurement systems are used to estimate their measurement uncertainty. In the past, virtual coordinate measuring machines have been extensively researched. Research on digital twins of optical systems is still lacking due to the high number of error contributors. A method to describe a digital twin of an optical measurement system is presented in this article. The discussed optical system is a laser line scanner mounted on a coordinate measuring machine. Each component of the measurement system is mathematically described. The coordinate measuring machine focuses on the hardware errors and the laser line scanner determines the measurement error based on the scan depth, in-plane angle and out-of-plane angle. The digital twin assumes stable measurement conditions and uniform surface characteristics. Based on the Monte Carlo principle, virtual measurements can be used to determine the measurement uncertainty. This is demonstrated by validating the digital twin on a set of calibrated ring gauges. Two validation tests are performed: the first verifies the virtual uncertainty estimation by comparison with experimental data. The second validates the measured diameter of different ring gauges by comparing the estimated confidence interval with the calibrated diameter.
测量系统的数字孪生用于估计其测量不确定度。过去，虚拟坐标测量机已得到广泛研究。由于误差因素众多，光学系统数字孪生的研究仍较为缺乏。本文提出了一种描述光学测量系统数字孪生的方法。所讨论的光学系统是安装在坐标测量机上的激光线扫描仪。测量系统的每个组件都进行了数学描述。坐标测量机关注硬件误差，激光线扫描仪根据扫描深度、平面内角度和平面外角度确定测量误差。数字孪生假定测量条件稳定且表面特性均匀。基于蒙特卡洛原理，虚拟测量可用于确定测量不确定度。这通过在一组校准环规上验证数字孪生得到了证明。进行了两项验证测试：第一项通过与实验数据比较来验证虚拟不确定度估计。第二项通过将估计的置信区间与校准直径进行比较来验证不同环规的测量直径。
