de Campos-Rudinsky Thana C
School of Government, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Von Hügel Institute, University of Cambridge, and UNESCO Chair in Bioethics and Human Rights.
Public Health Ethics. 2021 May 19;14(2):134-147. doi: 10.1093/phe/phab011. eCollection 2021 Jul.
This study argues against the expansive approach to the WHO reform, according to which to be a better global health leader, WHO should do more, be given more power and financial resources, have more operational capacities, and have more teeth by introducing more coercive monitoring and compliance mechanisms to its IHR. The expansive approach is a political problem, whose root cause lies in ethics: WHO's political overambition is grounded on WHO's lack of conceptual clarity on what good leadership means and what health (as a human right) means. This study presents this ethical analysis by putting forth an alternative: the humble approach to the WHO reform. It argues that to be a better leader, WHO should do much less and have a much narrower mandate. More specifically, WHO should focus exclusively on coordination efforts, by ensuring truthful, evidence-based, consistent, and timely shared communications regarding PHEIC among WHO member-states and other global health stakeholders, if the organization desires to be a real global health leader whose authority the international community respects and whose guidance people trust.
本研究反对世界卫生组织改革的扩张性做法。按照这种做法，为成为更好的全球卫生领导者，世卫组织应做得更多、被赋予更多权力和财政资源、具备更多业务能力，并通过在《国际卫生条例》中引入更多强制性监测和合规机制而更具威慑力。扩张性做法是一个政治问题，其根源在于伦理：世卫组织的政治野心过大，是基于其在良好领导力意味着什么以及健康（作为一项人权）意味着什么方面缺乏概念清晰度。本研究通过提出另一种做法——世卫组织改革的谦逊做法——来进行这种伦理分析。它认为，要成为更好的领导者，世卫组织应做得少得多，任务范围应窄得多。更具体地说，如果该组织希望成为一个真正的全球卫生领导者，其权威受到国际社会尊重且其指导得到人们信任，那么世卫组织应专门专注于协调工作，即确保在世卫组织成员国及其他全球卫生利益攸关方之间就国际关注的突发公共卫生事件进行真实、基于证据、一致且及时的信息共享。
