高强度间歇训练方案对 2 型糖尿病患者最大摄氧量和糖化血红蛋白水平的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析。
Effect of high-intensity interval training protocols on VOmax and HbA1c level in people with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
机构信息
Postgraduate Program in Functional Rehabilitation, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences at the Federal University of Health Sciences of Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
出版信息
Ann Phys Rehabil Med. 2022 Sep;65(5):101586. doi: 10.1016/j.rehab.2021.101586. Epub 2021 Nov 19.
BACKGROUND
The effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols according to different work intervals, session volumes and training periods has not been evaluated in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
OBJECTIVE
This was a systematic review and meta-analysis of the effect of HIIT and its different protocols compared to moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) and the control group on VOmax and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level in patients with T2DM.
METHODS
The search strategy considered studies published up to September 2020 in the databases MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane CENTRAL, Web of Science and SPORTDiscus. Two authors independently searched the selected databases for randomized clinical trials that compared HIIT to MICT or the control in adults with T2DM. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed and the data are presented as the mean difference (95% confidence intervals [95% CIs]) between HIIT, MICT and control groups.
RESULTS
A total of 20 studies (738 participants) were included. Overall, HIIT increased VOmax by 5.09 mL/kg/min (95% CI 2.99; 7.19, I² = 80.89) versus the control and by 1.9 mL/kg/min (95% CI 0.81; 2.98, I² = 25.62) versus MICT. HIIT promoted a significant reduction in HbA1c level of -0.8% (95% CI -1.06; -0.49, I² = 77.31) versus the control but with no difference versus MICT. Moderate-interval, high-volume and long-term training promoted a greater increase in VOmax. A long interval and moderate volume and period conferred a greater increase in VOmax versus MICT. A short interval and moderate volume and period conferred a greater reduction in HbA1c level versus the control. No publication bias was detected, as evaluated by a funnel chart and Egger's test (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
As compared with MICT, HIIT had better effect on VOmax and a similar effect on HbA1C level. Interval protocols, moderate to long training period and moderate to high volume may maximize the HIIT effect in patients with T2DM.
背景
高强度间歇训练（HIIT）方案根据不同的工作间隔、训练量和训练周期对 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者的影响尚未得到评估。
目的
这是一项系统评价和荟萃分析，评估 HIIT 及其不同方案与中等强度持续训练（MICT）和对照组相比，对 T2DM 患者的最大摄氧量（VOmax）和糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）水平的影响。
方法
搜索策略考虑了截至 2020 年 9 月在 MEDLINE（PubMed）、EMBASE、Cochrane 中央、Web of Science 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库中发表的研究。两名作者独立搜索了比较 HIIT 与 MICT 或 T2DM 成人对照组的随机临床试验。采用随机效应荟萃分析，数据以 HIIT、MICT 和对照组之间的均数差值（95%置信区间[95%CI]）表示。
结果
共纳入 20 项研究（738 名参与者）。总体而言，与对照组相比，HIIT 使 VOmax 增加 5.09 mL/kg/min（95%CI 2.99;7.19，I²=80.89），与 MICT 相比增加 1.9 mL/kg/min（95%CI 0.81;2.98，I²=25.62）。与对照组相比，HIIT 可显著降低 HbA1c 水平 -0.8%（95%CI -1.06; -0.49，I²=77.31），但与 MICT 相比无差异。中强度间隔、高训练量和长期训练可使 VOmax 增加更大。较长的间隔和中等的量和周期与 MICT 相比，VOmax 增加更大。较短的间隔和中等的量和周期与对照组相比，HbA1c 水平降低更大。漏斗图和 Egger 检验（p>0.05）评估未发现发表偏倚。
结论
与 MICT 相比，HIIT 对 VOmax 的影响更好，对 HbA1C 水平的影响相似。间隔方案、中等到长的训练周期和中等到高的训练量可能使 HIIT 对 T2DM 患者的效果最大化。
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