Department of Home Economics Education, College of Education, Jeonju University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
365MC Obesity Clinic, Soowon, Republic of Korea.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Oct 14;21(1):1859. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11894-3.
Children and adolescents with obesity are more likely to become adults with obesity. Therefore, obesity prevention in adolescence is essential for eliminating complications associated with obesity, which can affect health throughout the lifespan. This study examined the influences of adolescents' obesity based on BMI and that of obesity based on adolescents' perception of their well-being and stress, as well as the moderating effect of gender on these influences.
Data were analyzed for 61,861 adolescents aged 12-18, who participated in the 2019 Korean Adolescent Health Behavior Survey, an online self-administered questionnaire. Adolescents' obesity based on perception was based on their self-rating as underweight, healthy weight, or obese. Chi-squared tests were used to determine whether well-being and stress perception were related to obesity based on BMI and obesity based on perception, and a general linear model was used to examine the main and interaction effects of obesity based on BMI, obesity based on perception, and gender on well-being and stress perception.
Obesity based on BMI and obesity based on perception coincided in 58.7% of the sample. However, the degree of obesity was overestimated and underestimated by 19.2 and 24.3% of the sample, respectively. Obesity based on BMI and obesity based on perception varied by gender, age, economic status, and academic achievement. The main effect of obesity based on BMI was not statistically significant on both well-being and stress perception, and only the main effect of obesity based on perception was statistically significant on stress perception. The interaction between obesity based on perception and gender was significant for well-being and stress perception. Herein, males scored higher on well-being and lower on stress perception. However, the association patterns were similar for males and females, with significant differences between underweight, healthy weight, and overweight/obese; however, for only females, there was no difference in well-being scores between underweight and those who perceived themselves as having a healthy weight.
The well-being and stress perception are influenced by obesity based on perception rather than obesity based on BMI, and this influence varies according to gender in adolescents.
儿童和青少年肥胖者更有可能成为成年肥胖者。因此，青春期肥胖预防对于消除肥胖相关并发症至关重要，这些并发症会影响整个生命周期的健康。本研究基于 BMI 以及青少年对自身健康和压力的感知，考察了青少年肥胖的影响，并检验了性别对这些影响的调节作用。
对参加 2019 年韩国青少年健康行为调查的 61861 名 12-18 岁青少年进行了数据分析，该调查是一项在线自我管理问卷调查。基于感知的青少年肥胖是根据他们自评为体重过轻、健康体重或肥胖来确定的。卡方检验用于确定 BMI 基础上的肥胖和感知基础上的肥胖是否与幸福感和压力感有关，一般线性模型用于检验 BMI 基础上的肥胖、感知基础上的肥胖和性别对幸福感和压力感的主效应和交互效应。
在样本中，BMI 基础上的肥胖和感知基础上的肥胖有 58.7%是一致的。然而，肥胖程度分别被高估和低估了 19.2%和 24.3%。BMI 基础上的肥胖和感知基础上的肥胖因性别、年龄、经济状况和学业成绩而异。BMI 基础上的肥胖对幸福感和压力感的主效应均无统计学意义，只有感知基础上的肥胖的主效应对压力感有统计学意义。感知基础上的肥胖与性别之间的交互作用对幸福感和压力感均有显著影响。在这里，男性的幸福感得分较高，压力感得分较低。然而，男性和女性的关联模式相似，体重过轻、健康体重和超重/肥胖之间存在显著差异；然而，只有女性在体重过轻和自认为健康体重的人群之间，幸福感得分没有差异。
基于感知的肥胖而非 BMI 基础上的肥胖会影响青少年的幸福感和压力感，且这种影响因性别而异。
