Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, New York University Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Trends Cancer. 2022 Jan;8(1):54-64. doi: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.09.004. Epub 2021 Oct 11.
Macropinocytosis, an evolutionarily conserved endocytic mechanism that mediates non-specific fluid-phase uptake, is potently upregulated by various oncogenic pathways. It is now well appreciated that high macropinocytic activity is a hallmark of many human tumors, which use this adaptation to scavenge extracellular nutrients for fueling cell growth. In the context of the nutrient-scarce tumor microenvironment, this process provides tumor cells with metabolic flexibility. However, dependence on this scavenging mechanism also illuminates a potential metabolic vulnerability. As such, there is a great deal of interest in understanding the molecular underpinnings of macropinocytosis. In this review, we will discuss the most recent advances in characterizing macropinocytosis: the pathways that regulate it, its contribution to the metabolic fitness of cancer cells, and its therapeutic potential.
巨胞饮作用是一种进化上保守的内吞机制，介导非特异性的液相摄取，被各种致癌途径强烈上调。现在人们已经充分认识到，高巨胞饮活性是许多人类肿瘤的一个标志，肿瘤利用这种适应性来摄取细胞外营养物质以促进细胞生长。在营养匮乏的肿瘤微环境中，这个过程为肿瘤细胞提供了代谢灵活性。然而，对这种摄取机制的依赖也揭示了潜在的代谢脆弱性。因此，人们对理解巨胞饮作用的分子基础非常感兴趣。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论巨胞饮作用的最新研究进展：调节它的途径、它对癌细胞代谢适应性的贡献以及它的治疗潜力。
