Nurs Res. 2022;71(1):3-11. doi: 10.1097/NNR.0000000000000559.
Although the academic literature has focused on family caregivers' health outcomes, little is known about the social and environmental determinants of health and the extent to which they relate to health disparities among family caregivers caring for older adults.
The purpose of the study was to describe the prevalence of diseases and the association with social and environmental determinants of health among family caregivers caring for older adults in Finland.
A cross-sectional analysis was conducted. The study participants were interviewed on sociodemographic factors, comorbidity, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire. Independent-samples t-test, analysis of variance, and chi-square analyses were used to assess the social and environmental factors' association with health outcomes.
A total of 126 family caregivers participated in this study. The mean age of study participants was 74.4 years, and most were female, married, and from an urban area. Family caregivers' older age and lower financial satisfaction were the main factors associated with the health inequalities. Older age was associated with age-related eye disorders, hearing impairment, coronary heart disease, and comorbidity. Family caregivers' lower financial satisfaction was associated with diabetes, depression, and higher body mass index. Other factors linked to health disparities were family caregivers' gender, educational attainment, and the municipality of living.
This study provides evidence about family caregivers' social and environmental determinants of health. To enhance health equity, nurse-led interventions, a life course approach, and intersectional actions are required.
尽管学术文献一直关注家庭照顾者的健康结果，但对于影响其健康的社会和环境决定因素以及这些因素与照顾老年人的家庭照顾者之间健康差距的关系知之甚少。
本研究旨在描述芬兰照顾老年人的家庭照顾者的疾病流行情况以及与健康的社会和环境决定因素的关联。
进行了一项横断面分析。对研究参与者进行了社会人口因素、合并症和世界卫生组织生活质量问卷的访谈。采用独立样本 t 检验、方差分析和卡方分析来评估社会和环境因素与健康结果的关联。
共有 126 名家庭照顾者参加了这项研究。研究参与者的平均年龄为 74.4 岁，大多数为女性、已婚和来自城市地区。家庭照顾者的年龄较大和经济满意度较低是与健康不平等相关的主要因素。年龄较大与与年龄相关的眼部疾病、听力障碍、冠心病和合并症有关。家庭照顾者的经济满意度较低与糖尿病、抑郁和更高的体重指数有关。与健康差距相关的其他因素还包括家庭照顾者的性别、教育程度和居住的直辖市。
本研究提供了有关家庭照顾者健康的社会和环境决定因素的证据。为了增强健康公平，需要护理主导的干预措施、生命历程方法和交叉行动。
