Centre for Agricultural Research, Plant Protection Institute, Eötvös Loránd Research Network, Herman Ottó út 15, Budapest, 1022, Hungary.
MTA-ELTE-MTM Ecology Research Group, Pázmány P. stny. 1/C, Budapest, 1117, Hungary.
Sci Rep. 2021 Oct 15;11(1):20520. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-99884-8.
To secure the ecosystem services forests provide, it is important to understand how different management practices impact various components of these ecosystems. We aimed to uncover how silvicultural treatments affected the ground-dwelling spider communities during the first five years of a forest ecological experiment. In an oak-hornbeam forest stand, five treatments, belonging to clear-cutting, shelterwood and continuous cover forestry systems, were implemented using randomised complete block design. Spiders were sampled by pitfall traps, and detailed vegetation, soil and microclimate data were collected throughout the experiment. In the treatment plots spider abundance and species richness increased marginally. Species composition changes were more pronounced and treatment specific, initially diverging from the control plots, but becoming more similar again by the fifth year. These changes were correlated mostly to treatment-related light intensity and humidity gradients. The patchy implementation of the treatments induced modest increase in both gamma and beta diversity of spiders in the stand. Overall, spiders gave a prompt and species specific response to treatments that was by the fifth year showing signs of relatively quick recovery to pre-treatment state. At the present fine scale of implementation the magnitude of changes was not different among forestry treatments, irrespective of their severity.
为了保护森林提供的生态系统服务，了解不同的管理实践如何影响这些生态系统的各个组成部分非常重要。我们旨在揭示在森林生态实验的头五年中，不同的抚育间伐措施如何影响地面蜘蛛群落。在一个栎-山毛榉林分中，采用随机完全区组设计实施了 5 种抚育间伐措施，分别属于皆伐、择伐和择伐。通过陷阱法采集蜘蛛样本，并在整个实验过程中收集详细的植被、土壤和小气候数据。在处理区，蜘蛛的丰度和物种丰富度略有增加。物种组成的变化更为显著，具有处理特异性，最初与对照区偏离，但到第五年再次变得更加相似。这些变化主要与处理相关的光照强度和湿度梯度有关。处理的斑块状实施导致林分内蜘蛛的γ和β多样性都略有增加。总体而言，蜘蛛对处理表现出迅速而特定物种的反应，到第五年，已经显示出相对快速恢复到处理前状态的迹象。在目前实施的精细尺度上，无论其严重程度如何，森林抚育措施之间的变化幅度没有差异。
