Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Max Planck Research Group Neurocircuit Wiring and Function, Cologne, Germany.
Cologne Excellence Cluster for Stress Responses in Ageing-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Eur J Neurosci. 2021 Nov;54(10):7458-7475. doi: 10.1111/ejn.15498. Epub 2021 Nov 10.
AgRP neurons trigger one of the most potent orexigenic responses and are both necessary and sufficient for feeding. Recent technical advances for monitoring in vivo neuronal activity have revisited a previously well-established model of AgRP neurons' feeding regulatory effects. Our current understanding of AgRP neurons has increased in complexity and revealed a fine-tuned regulation of their activity dynamics across the whole sequence of feeding-related behaviours. This review focuses on recent studies that refined and re-evaluated our understanding of the regulatory principles and behavioural effects of AgRP circuits. We aim to cover major discoveries on the dynamic regulation of AgRP neuronal activity by exteroceptive and interoceptive food-related cues, their pleiotropic effects in feeding and whole-body homeostasis, and the associated AgRP circuits. The function and regulation of AgRP neuron will be sequentially discussed across the temporal series of behavioural and physiological changes occurring during the appetitive (food craving and foraging), the anticipatory (discovery of food-predicting cues), and the consummatory/post-ingestive phase of feeding (calorie ingestion).
AgRP 神经元触发了最强有力的食欲刺激反应之一，对于进食是必要且充分的。最近用于监测体内神经元活动的技术进步重新审视了 AgRP 神经元进食调节作用的一个先前确立的模型。我们对 AgRP 神经元的理解已经变得更加复杂，揭示了它们在与进食相关的整个行为序列中活动动态的精细调节。这篇综述重点关注了最近的研究，这些研究改进和重新评估了我们对 AgRP 回路调节原理和行为效应的理解。我们旨在涵盖关于 AgRP 神经元活动的动态调节的主要发现，这些发现涉及到外感受和内感受食物相关线索、它们在进食和全身稳态中的多效性效应，以及相关的 AgRP 回路。AgRP 神经元的功能和调节将在进食的欲望（食物渴望和觅食）、预期（发现食物预测线索）和摄食后的消化/吸收阶段（热量摄入）期间发生的行为和生理变化的时间序列中依次进行讨论。
