Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, 18 Innovation Walk, Monash University, VIC, 3800, Australia.
Deakin Biostatistics Unit, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, 3220, Australia.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2021 Dec;131:1198-1213. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.10.012. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
Atypical motor coordination and cognitive processes, such as response inhibition and working memory, have been extensively researched in individuals with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Oculomotor neural circuits overlap extensively with regions involved in motor planning and cognition, therefore studies of oculomotor function may offer unique insights into motor and cognitive control in ADHD. We performed a series of pairwise meta-analyses based on data from 26 oculomotor studies in ADHD to examine whether there were differences in performance on visually-guided saccade, gap, antisaccade, memory-guided, pursuit eye movements and fixation tasks. These analyses revealed oculomotor disturbances in ADHD, particularly for difficulties relating to saccade inhibition, memorizing visual target locations and initiating antisaccades. There was no evidence for pursuit eye movement disturbances or saccade dysmetria. Investigating oculomotor abnormalities in ADHD may provide insight into top-down cognitive control processes and motor control, and may serve as a promising biomarker in ADHD research and clinical practice.
在注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）患者中，人们已经广泛研究了非典型的运动协调和认知过程，例如反应抑制和工作记忆。眼球运动神经回路与参与运动规划和认知的区域广泛重叠，因此眼球运动功能的研究可能为 ADHD 中的运动和认知控制提供独特的见解。我们基于 26 项 ADHD 眼球运动研究的数据进行了一系列配对元分析，以检查在视觉引导性眼跳、间隙、反跳眼、记忆引导、追踪眼球运动和注视任务上的表现是否存在差异。这些分析显示，ADHD 存在眼球运动障碍，特别是在与眼跳抑制、记忆视觉目标位置和启动反跳眼相关的方面存在困难。没有证据表明追踪眼球运动障碍或眼跳不准。研究 ADHD 中的眼球运动异常可能有助于深入了解自上而下的认知控制过程和运动控制，并且可能成为 ADHD 研究和临床实践中的一种有前途的生物标志物。
