Department of Optometry, Manipal College of Health Professions (MCHP), Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Eye (Lond). 2023 Jul;37(10):1975-1981. doi: 10.1038/s41433-022-02284-z. Epub 2022 Oct 24.
There is equivocal evidence on the presence of oculomotor deficits among children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which can be an additional challenge in this population, especially with reading-related tasks. This study aimed to review the deficits in the oculomotor parameters among children with ADHD compared with age-matched controls. The review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search of original research articles on various databases was done using key terms, such as "oculomotor deficit," "attention deficit hyperactivity disorder," or related terms. We included case-control studies and excluded studies in which children received medications during the test. Twelve original research studies were considered for this review. Ten studies reported data on various types of saccades, two studies reported data on fixation, and one study reported data on pursuit. Among various oculomotor deficits, the forest-plot analysis of an antisaccade task showed that children with ADHD made more direction errors compared to controls. Although independent studies report that ADHD children have poorer performance compared to control populations during oculomotor tasks, there is a lack of evidence to draw a strong conclusion. Children with ADHD are less precise in performing eye movements and need more time to complete the oculomotor tasks than those without ADHD. The overall results provide minimal evidence regarding the presence of various oculomotor deficits in ADHD.
在患有注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）的儿童中，眼球运动缺陷的存在存在一些模棱两可的证据，这在该人群中可能是一个额外的挑战，尤其是在与阅读相关的任务中。本研究旨在综述与年龄匹配的对照组相比，ADHD 儿童的眼球运动参数缺陷。综述按照系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南进行。使用“眼球运动缺陷”、“注意缺陷多动障碍”或相关术语等关键词在各种数据库中搜索原始研究文章。我们纳入了病例对照研究，并排除了在测试期间儿童接受药物治疗的研究。本综述考虑了 12 项原始研究。10 项研究报告了各种类型的眼跳数据，2 项研究报告了注视数据，1 项研究报告了追踪数据。在各种眼球运动缺陷中，反扫视任务的森林图分析表明，与对照组相比，ADHD 儿童的方向错误更多。尽管独立研究报告 ADHD 儿童在眼球运动任务中的表现比对照组差，但缺乏有力结论的证据。与没有 ADHD 的儿童相比，ADHD 儿童在执行眼球运动时不够精确，需要更多的时间来完成眼球运动任务。总体结果提供了关于 ADHD 存在各种眼球运动缺陷的最小证据。
