Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Department of Infection Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Int J Biochem Cell Biol. 2021 Dec;141:106097. doi: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106097. Epub 2021 Oct 13.
Microvesicles are formed through shedding from the plasma membrane, a process shared by almost all human cells. Microvesicles are highly abundant and have been detected in blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and saliva. They contain a library of cargo derived from their parental cell during formation, including proteases, micro-RNAs and lipids and delivery of this parental cell-derived cargo to other cells can alter target cell function and drive disease. Cell specific molecules on the surface of microvesicles, obtained during microvesicle formation, allows their parental cell to be identified and populations of microvesicles to be investigated for roles in the pathogenesis of various diseases. For instance, recent work by our group has identified a role for neutrophil microvesicles in atherosclerosis. Microvesicle profiles could in future be associated with certain diseases and act as a biomarker to allow for earlier diagnosis. This short review will discuss some of the processes central to all microvesicles before focusing on neutrophil microvesicles, their potential role in cardiovascular disease and the mechanisms that may underpin this.
微泡通过从质膜脱落而形成，几乎所有人类细胞都存在这个过程。微泡含量丰富，已在血液、尿液、脑脊液和唾液中检测到。它们包含了在形成过程中来源于母细胞的货物库，包括蛋白酶、micro-RNAs 和脂质，将这些母细胞来源的货物递送到其他细胞可改变靶细胞功能并引发疾病。微泡表面的细胞特异性分子是在微泡形成过程中获得的，这使得能够识别其母细胞，并研究微泡群体在各种疾病发病机制中的作用。例如，我们小组最近的工作已经确定了中性粒细胞微泡在动脉粥样硬化中的作用。微泡谱将来可能与某些疾病相关，并作为生物标志物以实现早期诊断。这篇简短的综述将讨论与所有微泡相关的一些核心过程，然后重点介绍中性粒细胞微泡及其在心血管疾病中的潜在作用及其潜在机制。
