Lu Shuang, Lin Chunye, Lei Kai, Xin Ming, Gu Xiang, Lian Maoshan, Wang Baodong, Liu Xitao, Ouyang Wei, He Mengchang
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2022 Feb 15;424(Pt B):127487. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127487. Epub 2021 Oct 10.
We investigated the spatiotemporal distributions, risks, and prioritization of 15 widely used antibiotics in Laizhou Bay (LZB). Water samples (145) were collected from LZB and its estuaries and analyzed. Twelve antibiotics, with total concentrations of 241-1450 and 69-289 ng L in estuarine water and seawater, respectively, were detected, with the contributions of norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin exceeding 70%. Amoxicillin was firstly determined, which contributed to 20% and 46% of the total antibiotics during summer and spring, respectively. Higher antibiotic concentrations were observed in the sea located adjacent to aquaculture bases and the Yellow River Estuary, which are significantly influenced by mariculture and riverine inputs, respectively. Veterinary antibiotics showed higher total concentrations in summer compared to spring, indicating a higher degree of their usage in mariculture in summer. The antibiotic mixtures posed high risk to algae and low to medium risks to crustaceans and fish. Amoxicillin and norfloxacin were identified as high-risk pollutants. Additionally, amoxicillin and ciprofloxacin showed medium to high resistance development risks. Previous studies on antibiotics in the LZB did not determined amoxicillin and thus underestimated antibiotic contamination, ecological risk, and resistance development risk. Amoxicillin, norfloxacin, and ciprofloxacin should be prioritized in risk management.
我们调查了莱州湾（LZB）中15种广泛使用的抗生素的时空分布、风险及优先级。从莱州湾及其河口采集了145份水样并进行分析。在河口和海水中分别检测到12种抗生素，其总浓度分别为241 - 1450纳克/升和69 - 289纳克/升，其中诺氟沙星、环丙沙星和阿莫西林的占比超过70%。首次检测到阿莫西林，其在夏季和春季分别占总抗生素的20%和46%。在靠近水产养殖基地的海域以及黄河入海口观察到较高的抗生素浓度，分别受到海水养殖和河流输入的显著影响。与春季相比，夏季兽用抗生素总浓度更高，表明夏季海水养殖中其使用程度更高。抗生素混合物对藻类构成高风险，对甲壳类动物和鱼类构成低至中等风险。阿莫西林和诺氟沙星被确定为高风险污染物。此外，阿莫西林和环丙沙星显示出中等至高抗药性发展风险。此前关于莱州湾抗生素的研究未检测到阿莫西林，因此低估了抗生素污染、生态风险和抗药性发展风险。在风险管理中应优先考虑阿莫西林、诺氟沙星和环丙沙星。
